Hostname: page-component-55f67697df-jr75m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-05-20T00:00:28.206Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Parents with bipolar disorder: Are disease characteristics good predictors of psychopathology in offspring?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2012

M. Garcia-Amador ,
E. de la Serna ,
M. Vila ,
S. Romero ,
M. Valenti ,
V. Sánchez-Gistau ,
A. Benabarre ,
E. Vieta  and
J. Castro-Fornieles
M. Garcia-Amador*
Affiliation:
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
E. de la Serna
Affiliation:
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic Universitari, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
M. Vila
Affiliation:
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic Universitari, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
S. Romero
Affiliation:
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic Universitari, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
M. Valenti
Affiliation:
Bipolar Disorders Program, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Clinic Universitari, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
V. Sánchez-Gistau
Affiliation:
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic Universitari, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
A. Benabarre
Affiliation:
Bipolar Disorders Program, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Clinic Universitari, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
E. Vieta
Affiliation:
Bipolar Disorders Program, Psychiatry Department, Hospital Clinic Universitari, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
J. Castro-Fornieles
Affiliation:
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clínic Universitari, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
*
⁎Corresponding author. Tel.: +34 915 868 133; fax: +34 914 265 004. E-mail addresses: mgarcia@iisgm.com, margarciamador@gmail.com (M. Garcia-Amador).
Get access

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate rates of psychopathology in the offspring of subjects with bipolar disorder (BP-offspring) compared to the offspring of healthy subjects (HC-offspring) in a Spanish sample and to study possible predictors of psychopathology in BP-offspring.

Subjects

Fifty BP-offspring from 36 families and 25 HC-offspring from 25 families.

Methods

Psychopathology was compared in BP-offspring and HC-offspring. Factors associated with DSM-IV axis I disorders in BP-offspring were analyzed using logistic regression.

Results

Half of BP-offspring fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for at least one axis I disorder with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (30%), anxiety disorders (14%) and affective disorders (10%) as the most frequent. After controlling for having more than one sibling in the study, the odds ratio for BP-offspring presenting an axis I disorder was 15.02 when a biological parent had bipolar disorder with a lifetime history of psychotic symptoms and 3.34 when one parent had bipolar II disorder. Moreover, a higher Global Assessment of Functioning score in the biological co-parent was associated with a significantly lower frequency of axis I disorders in BP-offspring.

Discussion and conclusions

Psychopathology in BP-offspring should be routinely assessed, with special emphasis on children from parents with specific disease characteristics (psychosis, BP II disorder) in order to establish an early diagnosis and appropriate interventions.

Keywords

Adolescent psychiatryBipolar disorderPsychosisQuality of carePsychiatry in Europe
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 28 , Issue 4 , May 2013 , pp. 240 - 246
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Anderson, C.A.Hammen, C.L.Psychosocial outcomes of children of unipolar depressed, bipolar, medically ill, and normal women: a longitudinal study. J Consult Clin Psychol 1993;61(3):448–454.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berger, G.et al.Neuroprotection in emerging psychotic disorders. Early Interven Psychiatry 2007;1:114–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biederman, J.et al.Further evidence of unique developmental phenotypic correlates of pediatric bipolar disorder: findings from a large sample of clinically referred preadolescent children assessed over the last 7 years. J Affect Disord 2004;82(Suppl. 1):S45–S58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birchwood, M.Todd, P.Jackson, C.Early intervention in psychosis. The critical period hypothesis. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1998;172(33):53–59.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birmaher, B.Axelson, D.Course and outcome of bipolar spectrum disorder in children and adolescents: a review of the existing literature. Dev Psychopathol 2006;18(4):1023–1035.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birmaher, B.et al.Clinical course of children and adolescents with bipolar spectrum disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63(2):175–183.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birmaher, B.et al.Lifetime psychiatric disorders in school-aged offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: the Pittsburgh bipolar offspring study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2009;66(3):287–296.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cannon-Spoor, H.E.Potkin, S.G.Wyatt, R.J.Measurement of premorbid adjustment in chronic schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1982;26:351–366.Google Scholar
Chang, K.D.The bipolar spectrum in children and adolescents: developmental issues. J Clin Psychiatry 2008;69(3):e9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chang, K.D.Steiner, H.Ketter, T.A.Psychiatric phenomenology of child and adolescent bipolar offspring. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2000;39(4):453–460.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coddington, R.D.The signifance of life events as etiologic factors in the diseases of children. I. A survey of professional workers. J Psychosom Res 1972;16(1):7–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Colom, F.et al.Spanish version of a scale for the assessment of mania: validity and reliability of the Young Mania Rating Scale. Med Clin (Barc) 2002;119(10):366–371.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DelBello, M.P.Geller, B.Review of studies of child and adolescent offspring of bipolar parents. Bipolar Disord 2001;3(6):325–334.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duffy, A.et al.A prospective study of the offspring of bipolar parents responsive and nonresponsive to lithium treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63(12):1171–1178.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Galanter, C.A.Leibenluft, E.Frontiers between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and bipolar disorder. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2008;17(2):325–346. [viii–ix].CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Geller, B.Tillman, R.Prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar I disorder: review of diagnostic validation by Robins and Guze criteria. J Clin Psychiatry 2005;66(Suppl. 7):21–28.Google ScholarPubMed
Geller, B.et al.DSM-IV mania symptoms in a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype compared to attention-deficit hyperactive and normal controls. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2002;12(1):11–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldstein, B.I.et al.Substance use disorders among adolescents with bipolar spectrum disorders. Bipolar Disord 2008;10(4):469–478.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldstein, B.I.et al.Clinical, demographic, and familial correlates of bipolar spectrum disorders among offspring of parents with bipolar disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010;49(4):388–396.Google ScholarPubMed
Goldstein, J.M.et al.Specificity of familial transmission of schizophrenia psychosis spectrum and affective psychoses in the New England family study's high-risk design. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2011;67(5):458–467.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodman, R.Psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psych 2001;40:337–1345.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hamilton, M.Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. Br J Soc Clin Psychol 1967;6:278–296.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hammen, C.et al.Longitudinal study of diagnoses in children of women with unipolar and bipolar affective disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990;47(12):1112–1117.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harrison, G.et al.Recovery from psychotic illness: a 15- and 25-year international follow-up study. Br J Psychiatry 2001;178:506–517.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henin, A.et al.Psychopathology in the offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: a controlled study. Biol Psychiatry 2005;58(7):554–561.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heun, R.Maier, W.The distinction of bipolar II disorder from bipolar I and recurrent unipolar depression: results of a controlled family study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1993;87(4):279–284.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hillegers, M.H.et al.Impact of stressful life events, familial loading and their interaction on the onset of mood disorders: study in a high-risk cohort of adolescent offspring of parents with bipolar disorder. Br J Psychiatry 2004;185:97–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hillegers, M.H.et al.Five-year prospective outcome of psychopathology in the adolescent offspring of bipolar parents. Bipolar Disord 2005;7(4):344–350.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hirschfeld, R.M.et al.The National Depressive and Manic-Depressive Association consensus statement on the undertreatment of depression. JAMA 1997;277(4):333–340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirshfeld-Becker, D.R.et al.Laboratory-observed behavioral disinhibition in the young offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: a high-risk pilot study. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163(2):265–271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hollingshead, A.B.Redlich, F.C.Social class and mental illness. New York, USA: Wiley; 1958.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horowitz, L.M.Ballard, E.D.Pao, M.Suicide screening in schools: primary care and emergency departments. Curr Opin Pediatr 2009;21(5):620–627.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaufman, J.et al.Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children – present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997;36(7):980–988.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keshavan, M.et al.Psychopathology among offspring of parents with schizophrenia: relationship to premorbid impairments. Schizophr Res 2008;103(1-3):114–120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirov, G.et al.Association analysis of the HOPA12bp polymorphism in schizophrenia and manic depressive illness. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2003;118B(1):16–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lapalme, M.Hodgins, S.LaRoche, C.Children of parents with bipolar disorder: a metaanalysis of risk for mental disorders. Can J Psychiatry 1997;42(6):623–631.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leibenluft, E.et al.Irritability in pediatric mania and other childhood psychopathology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2003;1008:201–218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewinsohn, P.M.et al.Natural course of adolescent major depressive disorder in a community sample: predictors of recurrence in young adults. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157(10):1584–1591.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, S.W.Owen, M.J.Murray, R.M.Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: methodology and mechanisms. Schulz, S.C.Tamminga, C.A., editors. Schizophrenia. A Scientific Focus New York: Oxford University Press; 1989.Google Scholar
MacQueen, G.M.Hajek, T.Alda, M.The phenotypes of bipolar disorder: relevance for genetic investigations. Mol Psychiatry 2005;10(9):811–826.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mardomingo, M.Gil, S.Psychopathology: life events and family functioning. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1992;11(1):15–122.Google Scholar
Marshall, W.A.Tanner, J.M.Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child 1969;44(235):291–303.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marshall, W.A.Tanner, J.M.Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys. Arch Dis Child 1970;45(239):13–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marshall, M.et al.Association between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in cohorts of first-episode patients: a systematic review. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005;62(9):975–983.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maziade, M.et al.Clinical diagnoses in young offspring from eastern Quebec multigenerational families densely affected by schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2008;117(2):118–126.Google ScholarPubMed
McGorry, P.et al.Early intervention in psychosis: keeping faith with evidence-based health care. Psychol Med 2010;40(3):399–404.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McMahon, F.J.et al.Linkage of bipolar disorder to chromosome 18q and the validity of bipolar II disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001;58(11):1025–1031.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Merikangas, K.R.et al.Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2007;64(5):543–552.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mukherjee, O.et al.Evidence of linkage and association on 18p11.2 for psychosis. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2006;141B(8):868–873.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schulze, T.G.et al.What is familial about familial bipolar disorder? Resemblance among relatives across a broad spectrum of phenotypic characteristics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63(12):1368–1376.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Singh, M.K.et al.Psychopathology in children of bipolar parents. J Affect Disord 2007;102(1–3):131–136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spitzer, R.et al.Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) ed. B.R., New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1995.Google Scholar
Tungstrom, S.Soderberg, P.Armelius, B.A.Relationship between the global assessment of functioning and other DSM axes in routine clinical work. Psychiatr Serv 2005;56(4):439–443.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vieta, E.Bipolar units and programs. Are they really needed?. World Psychiatry 2011;10(2):152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wals, M.et al.Prevalence of psychopathology in children of a bipolar parent. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2001;40(9):1094–1102.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wals, M.et al.Impact of birth weight and genetic liability on psychopathology in children of bipolar parents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2003;42(9):1116–1121.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilens, T.E.et al.Risk for substance use disorders in youths with child- and adolescent-onset bipolar disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1999;38(6):680–685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Winokur, G.et al.Alcoholism in manic-depressive (bipolar) illness: familial illness, course of illness, and the primary-secondary distinction. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152(3):365–372.Google ScholarPubMed
Young, R.et al.A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatr 1978;133:429–433CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.