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Vol. 158. Issue 12.
Pages 615-621 (June 2022)
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Vol. 158. Issue 12.
Pages 615-621 (June 2022)
Review
Gout. What's up doc?
Gota. ¿Qué hay de nuevo, doctor?
Visits
3
Fernando Pérez Ruiza,
Corresponding author
fperezruiz@telefonica.net

Corresponding author.
, Nuria Pérez Herrerob, María Ángeles Gantes Pedrazac
a Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Osakidetza, OSI Enkarterri-Eskerraldea-Cruces, Grupo de Investigación en Artritis, Instituto de Investigación Biocruces-Bizkaia, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
b Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco
c Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Hospital Virgen del Camino, Sección de Reumatología, Plasencia, Cáceres, Spain
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Abstract

A considerable improvement in the knowledge of gout has taken place in the two decades of the XXIth century. Definitions of disease, estate, and clinical situations, along with a new nomenclature, have been agreed. More importantly, the concept of gout as a “curable” or “controllable” disease has bee settled.

We know for the first time its prevalence in Spain. Factors associated to disease, the genetics that condition the predisposition to develop hyperuricemia and the structure and functions of the transportome complex that control the renal and intestinal handling of urate have been examined.

Imaging techniques have come to support diagnosis. Different primary therapeutic targets have been defined depending on the burden of disease, and targets for secondary prevention considered. We know how to best prescribe available medications and prevent the risk of adverse events.

Finally, we have understood the importance of adherence, education, and empower patients during treatment instead of blaming them.

Keywords:
Gout
Diagnosis
Treatment
Review
Update
Resumen

En las dos décadas de este siglo, se ha desarrollado un amplio conocimiento sobre la gota. Hemos definido la enfermedad, los estados y las situaciones clínicas y cambiado su nomenclatura, así como asentado el concepto de enfermedad por depósito “curable” o “remisible”.

Conocemos ya su alta prevalencia en España y los factores asociados a la enfermedad, la genética que condiciona mayoritariamente la predisposición a la hiperuricemia y la estructura y las funciones del complejo transportoma implicado en el manejo renal e intestinal del ácido úrico.

Las técnicas de imagen han aportado nuevos medios al diagnóstico. Hemos establecido las distintas dianas terapéuticas según la carga de enfermedad y las dianas de prevención secundaria, y aprendido a emplear mejor los medicamentos disponibles, a optimizar su prescripción y a prevenir los acontecimientos adversos.

Finalmente, hemos comprendido como mejorar la adherencia, educar e implicar a los pacientes en su tratamiento y a no culpabilizarlos.

Palabras clave:
Gota
Diagnóstico
Tratamiento
Revisión
Puesta al día

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