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Inicio Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular Papel de los inhibidores selectivos de la COX-2 en la hipertensión arterial
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Vol. 21. Núm. 1.
Páginas 30-37 (Enero 2004)
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Vol. 21. Núm. 1.
Páginas 30-37 (Enero 2004)
Acceso a texto completo
Papel de los inhibidores selectivos de la COX-2 en la hipertensión arterial
Role of selective COX-2 inhibitors in hypertension
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6976
C. Roldán Suárez1
Autor para correspondencia
cecildesanges@yahoo.com

Unidad de Hipertensión.Edificio de Medicina Comunitaria.Hospital 12 de Octubre.Avda. de Córdoba, s/n.28041 Madrid. España.
, C. Campo Sien, J. Segura de la Morena, L.M. Ruilope Urioste
Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial. Servicio de Nefrología. Hospital 12 de Octubre. Madrid. España
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo

La hipertensión arterial (HTA) y la osteoartritis (OA) son enfermedades comunes en el grupo de edad de mayores de 65 años, requiriendo ambas tratamiento farmacológico. En esta población se encontró una prevalencia combinada de OA e HTA del 24,3 % en los hombres y 26,9 % en las mujeres. La inhibición no selectiva de la COX sobre la síntesis de prostaglandinas está relacionada a un efecto antinatriurético y vasoconstrictor. Como resultado de la inhibición de la COX es posible que se disminuya la eficacia de los fármacos antihipertensivos, especialmente de los fármacos que bloquean el sistema renina- angiotensina-aldosterona. Se ha demostrado que los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE) atenúan la eficacia antihipertensiva de los inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina (IECA) produciendo un incremento de la presión arterial de 5 a 10 mmHg. Fármacos antihipertensivos con acción natriurética como diuréticos o calcioantagonistas parecen de elección en pacientes tratados con AINE, en especial en aquellos sal-sensibles como ancianos, diabéticos o nefrópatas. La introducción de los inhibidores selectivos de la ciclooxigenasa COX-2 (ICOX-2) ha supuesto un avance en el desarrollo del tratamiento de la artritis, sin los efectos gastrointestinales asociados con la aspirina y los AINE. Numerosos estudios en pacientes con HTA controlada con distintos regímenes antihipertensivos han demostrado que los ICOX-2 producen una atenuación del efecto antihipertensivo de IECA y betabloqueantes, por tanto debería realizarse una monitorización de la presión arterial (PA) una vez iniciado el tratamiento con celecoxib o rofecoxib.

Palabras clave:
inhibidores de la COX-2
hipertensión arterial

Hypertension (HT) and the osteoarthritis (OA) are common illnesses in the over-65 age group, with both requiring drug treatment. In this group, there has been found a 24.3 % combined prevalence of OA and HT in men and one of 26.9 % in women. Non-selective inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by COX is related to an effect which is both antinatriuretic and vasoconstrictor. The reduced effectiveness of certain antihypertensive drugs, especially those that block the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, could be due to COX inhibition. It has been demonstrated that non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NAIDs) reduce the antihypertensive effectiveness of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), thereby producing a blood pressure increase of between 5 and 10 mmHg. Antihypertensive drugs with natriuretic effects, such as diuretics, or calcioantagonists, seem to be of choice in patients being treated with NAIDs. This is especially true in patients with salt-sensitivity, advanced age, diabetes or nephropathy. Introduction of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (COX-2 inhibitors) presumed to be an advance in the development of arthritis treatment without gastrointestinal effects associated with aspirin and NAIDs. Numerous studies in patients with controlled HT using different antihypertensive regimens have demonstrated that COX-2 inhibition produces an attenuation of the antihypertensive effect of both ACEI and beta-blockers. Therefore, BP monitoring should be performed upon initiating treatment with celeco-xib or rofecoxib.

Key words:
COX-2 inhibitors
hypertension
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