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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Cribado de la enfermedad celíaca en grupos de riesgo
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Vol. 28. Núm. 9.
Páginas 561-566 (Noviembre 2005)
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Vol. 28. Núm. 9.
Páginas 561-566 (Noviembre 2005)
Progresos en gastroenterología
Acceso a texto completo
Cribado de la enfermedad celíaca en grupos de riesgo
Screening for celiac disease in high risk groups
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F. Fernández-Bañares
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digestiu@mutuaterrassa.es

Correspondencia: Dr. F. Fernández-Bañares. Servicio de Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa. Pl. Dr. Robert, 5. 08221 Terrassa. Barcelona. España.
, M. Esteve-Comas, M. Rosinach
Servicio de Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa. Barcelona. España
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Resumen

Diversos estudios epidemiológicos muestran que la enfermedad celíaca con manifestaciones extraintestinales es 15 veces más frecuente que la que se presenta con síntomas intestinales. Hace ya años que se propuso el «modelo del iceberg» para explicar la epidemiología de la enfermedad celíaca. Por un lado, hay un número cuantificable de pacientes que son correctamente diagnosticados porque presentan síntomas sugestivos y forman la parte visible del iceberg. Sin embargo, diversos estudios, que emplean técnicas de cribado mediante serología, demuestran que por cada paciente diagnosticado, hay una media de 5-10 casos que no lo estaban. Estos casos forman la parte sumergida del iceberg (enfermedad celíaca monosintomática o silenciosa). La estrategia más aceptada para investigar la porción sumergida del «iceberg celíaco» es el cribado de grupos de riesgo reconocidos, mediante un proceso de búsqueda sistemática de enfermedad celíaca.

Several epidemiological studies show that celiac disease with extraintestinal manifestations is 15 times more frequent than celiac disease with intestinal symptoms. Fifteen years ago the iceberg model was proposed to explain the epidemiology of this disease. On the one hand, there are a quantifiable number of patients who are correctly diagnosed since they have symptoms suggestive of this disease and who form the visible part of the iceberg. However, several studies using screening serology demonstrate that for each patient diagnosed, there is a mean of 5-10 patients without a diagnosis. These patients form the submerged part of the iceberg (monosymptomatic or silent celiac disease). The most widely accepted strategy to investigate the submerged part of the “celiac iceberg” is screening of known risk groups through a systematic search for celiac disease in these groups.

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