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Inicio Enfermería Clínica (English Edition) Psychosocial and behavioural factors in the regulation of weight: Self-regulatio...
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Vol. 28. Issue 3.
Pages 154-161 (May - June 2018)
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Vol. 28. Issue 3.
Pages 154-161 (May - June 2018)
Original Article
Psychosocial and behavioural factors in the regulation of weight: Self-regulation, self-efficacy and locus control
Factores psicosociales y conductuales en la regulación del peso: autorregulación, autoeficacia y locus control
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Lara Menéndez-Gonzáleza,
Corresponding author
laramenendezgonzalez@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, María Isabel Orts-Cortésb,c
a Centro de Salud El Llano, Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, Spain
b Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
c Unidad de Investigación en Cuidados de Salud (Investen-ISCIII), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Description of the study groups’ body mass index.
Table 2. Descriptive statistics scale of self-efficacy in weight control.
Table 3. Descriptive statistics on self-regulation scale of body weight.
Table 4. Descriptive statistics of locus control in weight control.
Table 5. Correlation between variables.
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Abstract
Objective

To identify the relationship and behaviour of the variables of self-control, self-efficacy and locus control in weight regulation of obese, overweight and normal weight adults.

Method

Transversal study undertaken in the Health Centre of El Coto (Gijón) from 1st April to 30th July 2015. Participants: Subjects between 18 and 65 years of age with a body mass index recording within the last two years. Exclusions: serious medical illness, eating disorders or pregnant women. Main measurements: Behavioural variables: self-regulation of body weight (Inventory of self-control of body weight), perceived self-efficacy in weight regulation (Inventory of perceived self-efficacy in weight regulation) and locus control in weight regulation (Inventory of locus control in weight regulation). Anthropometric variables: weight (kg) and height (m), body mass index.

Results

One hundred and six participants were included: 32 were obese, 28 overweight and 46 normal weight. Significant differences were found between the 3 study groups for total scale of self-efficacy (F=61.77; p<.01), total scale of self-regulation (F=45.97; p<.01), internal locus control (F=13.92; p=.019), other weighty influences of locus control (F=9.21; p<.01) and random locus control (F=3.50; p=.011).

Conclusions

The relationship between body mass index and behavioural variables of self-efficacy, self-regulation and locus control, suggests the need for healthcare professionals to include psychological factors of behaviour in any preventive action and intervention directed at weight control.

Keywords:
Obesity
Self efficacy
Self-control
Internal-external control
Behaviour
Body mass index
Resumen
Objetivo

Identificar la relación y el comportamiento de la autorregulación, autoeficacia y locus control en la regulación del peso, en población adulta con obesidad, sobrepeso y normopeso.

Método

Se realizó un estudio transversal en el Centro de Salud del Coto (Gijón) entre el 1 de abril al 30 de julio de 2015. La muestra estuvo formada por personas entre 18-65 años que contaran con un registro del índice de masa corporal en los dos últimos años. Los criterios de exclusión fueron: enfermedad médica grave, trastornos de la alimentación o mujeres embarazadas. Se midieron variables conductuales: autorregulación del peso corporal (Inventario de autorregulación del peso corporal), autoeficacia percibida en la regulación del peso (Inventario autoeficacia percibida en la regulación del peso) y locus control en la regulación del peso (Inventario Locus control en la regulación del peso). Variables antropométricas: peso (kg) y talla (m), índice de masa corporal.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 106 participantes: 32 con obesidad, 28 con sobrepeso y 46 con normopeso. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los 3 grupos de estudio para las variables escala total de autoeficacia (F=61,77; p<0,01), escala total de autorregulación (F=45,97; p<0,01), locus control interno (F=13,92; p=0,019), locus control otros poderosos (F=9,21; p<0,01) y locus control azar (F=3,50; p=0,011).

Conclusiones

La existencia de una relación entre el índice de masa corporal y las variables conductuales de autoeficacia, autorregulación y locus control, plantea a los profesionales sanitarios la necesidad de incluir los factores psicológicos o conductuales en cualquier actividad preventiva y de intervención dirigida al control del peso.

Palabras clave:
Obesidad
Autoeficacia
Autorregulación
Control interno-externo
Conducta
Índice de masa corporal

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