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Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Hepatitis por virus del grupo herpes
Información de la revista
Vol. 24. Núm. 6.
Páginas 392-398 (Julio 2006)
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Vol. 24. Núm. 6.
Páginas 392-398 (Julio 2006)
Formación médica continuada
Acceso a texto completo
Hepatitis por virus del grupo herpes
Hepatitis due to herpes group viruses
Visitas
48299
José M. Cisneros-Herreros
Autor para correspondencia
cisnerosjm@telefonica.net

Correspondencia: Dr. J.M. Cisneros-Herreros. Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Avda. Manuel Siurot, s/n. 41013 Sevilla. España.
, Marta Herrero-Romero
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla. España
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Información del artículo

La primoinfección por los virus herpes simple (VHS), varicela-zóster (VVZ), citomegalovirus (CMV), herpesvirus humano 6 y virus de Epstein-Barr (VEB) ocasiona hepatitis generalmente leve y autolimitada en pacientes inmunocompetentes. La primoinfección por el VHS en neonatos y en embarazadas, y también por el VVZ en pacientes hematológicos y receptores de trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos puede causar una hepatitis fulminante sin las lesiones cutáneas características. En los receptores de trasplante hepático, la hepatitis es la expresión más común de la infección por CMV y sus manifestaciones son indistinguibles del rechazo agudo. La hepatitis persistente es una manifestación del síndrome de infección crónica activa por el VEB. La hepatitis fulminante por virus herpes tiene tratamiento eficaz si se inicia precozmente, para ello es necesario tener un alto grado de sospecha clínica e incluir los virus herpes en el diagnóstico diferencial de este síndrome.

Palabras clave:
Hepatitis
Virus herpes simple
Virus varicela-zóster
Citomegalovirus
Virus Epstein-Barr

In immunocompetent patients, primary infection by herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesvirus 6, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) generally produces mild, self-limited hepatitis. Primary infection by HSV in neonates and pregnant women, and infection by VZV in hematological and bone marrow recipients can cause fulminant hepatitis without characteristic skin lesions. In liver transplant recipients, hepatitis is the most common expression of CMV infection and the related symptoms are indistinguishable from those of acute rejection. Persistent hepatitis is a manifestation of the syndrome of active chronic infection by the EBV. Fulminating hepatitis due to herpes virus can be treated effectively if therapy is started early; hence, a high degree of clinical suspicion and inclusion of herpes virus in the differential diagnosis of this syndrome is necessary.

Key words:
Hepatitis
Herpes simplex virus
Varicellazoster virus
Cytomegalovirus
Epstein-Barr virus
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