Buscar en
Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
Toda la web
Inicio Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica Etravirina en pacientes ampliamente pretratados
Información de la revista
Vol. 27. Núm. S2.
Etravirina
Páginas 6-11 (Diciembre 2009)
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 27. Núm. S2.
Etravirina
Páginas 6-11 (Diciembre 2009)
Acceso a texto completo
Etravirina en pacientes ampliamente pretratados
Etravirine in highly treatment-experienced patients
Visitas
2887
Daniel Podzamczer Palter
Autor para correspondencia
dpodzamczer@bellvitgehospital.cat

* Autor para correspondencia.
, Elena Ferrer Corbera, Juan Manuel Tiraboschi
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Resumen

Etravirina (ETR) se ha mostrado eficaz en pacientes multitratados con fallos virológicos previos y mutaciones de resistencia a varias familias de fármacos antirretrovirales. La mayor evidencia surge de los estudios DUET. Éstos son 2 ensayos clínicos multicéntricos idénticos, aleatorizados y doble ciego, que incluyeron alrededor de 1.200 pacientes, donde se observó una respuesta virológica e inmunológica superior a placebo y que se tradujo en una reducción en la incidencia de ingresos hospitalarios y de progresión a sida/muerte. Además, ETR fue muy bien tolerado en estos pacientes. El efecto adverso más frecuente fue el exantema que, generalmente, fue leve o moderado y únicamente obligó a suspender el tratamiento en el 2% de los pacientes. No hubo diferencias en cuanto a toxicidades gastrointestinales, hepáticas o lipídicas, comparado con la rama placebo.

El desarrollo reciente de nuevos fármacos permite disponer hoy de pautas activas eficaces para pacientes multitratados. El estudio TRIO ha evaluado la eficacia y tolerabilidad de una de las pautas más utilizadas actualmente en la práctica habitual: ETR/raltegravir/darunavir/r, con excelentes resultados de respuesta virológica e inmunológica (el 86% de carga viral < 50 copias y CD4 +108 a las 48 semanas) y, al mismo tiempo, una muy buena tolerabilidad.

ETR es eficaz y bien tolerada y es el primer inhibidor de la transcriptasa inversa no análogo de nucleósidos (ITINAN) que permite el uso secuencial de fármacos de esta familia, gracias a su elevada barrera genética comparando con los ITINAN de primera generación. Además, su larga vida media permite su administración una vez al día en caso de que los pacientes necesitaran una pauta qd.

Palabras clave:
Etravirina
ITINAN
Rescate
Multitratados
Abstract

Etravirine (ETR) has demonstrated efficacy in patients with multiple prior treatments with prior virological failure and resistance mutations to various families of antiretroviral drugs. Most of the evidence concerning this drug has been drawn from the DUET studies, consisting of two multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trials with identical designs that included 1,200 patients. These trials showed that ETR obtained a superior virological and immunological response to placebo, reducing the incidence of hospital admissions and progression to AIDS/death. The most frequent adverse effect was rash, which was generally mild to moderate and required treatment discontinuation in only 2%. There were no differences in gastrointestinal, liver or lipid toxicities compared with the placebo arm.

Because of the recent development of new drugs, effective regimens are now available for multi-treated patients. The TRIO study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of one of the regimens most widely used today (ETR/raltegravir/darunavir/r) with excellent virological and immunological response (86% of viral load < 50 copies and CD4 +108 at 48 weeks) and excellent tolerance.

ETR is effective and well tolerated and is the first non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that allows the sequential use of drugs in this family, due to its high genetic barrier compared with firstgeneration NNRTI. Moreover, its long half-life allows once daily administration in patients requiring a QD regimen.

Keywords:
Etravirine
NNRTI
Rescue
Multi-treated
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
S. Staszewski, J. Morales-Ramírez, K.T. Tashima, A. Rachlis, D. Skiest, J. Stanford, et al.
Efavirenz plus zidovudine and lamivudine, efavirenz plus indinavir, and indinavir plus zidovudine and lamivudine in the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults. Study 006 Team.
N Engl J Med, 341 (1999), pp. 1865-1873
[2.]
S.A. Riddler, R. Haubrich, A.G. DiRienzo, L. Peeples, W.G. Powderly, K.L. Klingman, et al.
Class-sparing regimens for initial treatment of HIV-1 infection.
N Engl J Med, 358 (2008), pp. 2095-3006
[3.]
D. Podzamczer, E. Ferrer, E. Consiglio, J.M. Gatell, P. Pérez, J.L. Pérez, et al.
A randomized clinical trial comparing nelfinavir or nevirapine associated to ZDV/3TC in HIV-infected naive patients (The Combine Study).
Antiviral Ther, 7 (2002), pp. 81-90
[4.]
F. Van Leth, P. Phanuphak, K. Ruxrungtham, E. Baraldi, S. Miller, B. Gazzard, et al.
Comparison of first-line antiretroviral therapy with regimens including nevirapine, efavirenz, or both drugs, plus stavudine and lamivudine: a randomised openlabel trial, the 2NN Study.
Lancet, 363 (2004), pp. 1253-1263
[5.]
E.D. Deeks, G.M. Keating.
Etravirine.
Drugs, 68 (2008), pp. 2357-2372
[6.]
G. Lapadula, A. Soria, A. Gori.
Pharmacotherapy of HIV: focus on etravirine.
Clinical Med: Therapeutics, 1 (2009), pp. 483-494
[7.]
B.G. Gazzard, A.L. Pozniak, W. Rosenbaum, G.P. Yeni, S. Staszewski, K. Arasteh, et al.
An open-label assessment of TMC 125-a new, next-generation NNRTI, for 7 days in HIV-1 infected individuals with NNRTI resistance.
[8.]
J.P. Nadler, D.S. Berger, G. Blick, P.J. Cimoch, C.J. Cohen, R.N. Greenberg, et al.
Efficacy and safety of etravirine (TMC125) in patients with highly resistant HIV-1: primary 24-week analysis.
AIDS, 21 (2007), pp. F1-F10
[9.]
C.J. Cohen, D.S. Berger, G. Blick, H.A. Grossman, D.T. Jayaweera, P. Shalit, et al.
Efficacy and safety of etravirine (TMC 125) in treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients: 48-week results of a phase IIb trial.
[10.]
J.V. Madruga, P. Cahn, B. Grinsztejn, R. Haubrich, J. Lalezari, A. Mills, et al.
Efficacy and safety of TMC 125 (etravirine) in treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients in DUET-1: 24 week results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
[11.]
A. Lazzarin, T. Campbell, B. Clotet, M. Johnson, C. Katlama, A. Moll, et al.
Efficacy and safety of TMC 125 (etravirine) in treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients in DUET-2: 24 week results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
[12.]
R. Haubrich, P. Cahn, B. Grinsztejn, J. Lalezari, J. Madruga, A. Mills, et al.
Duet-1: week- 48 results of a phase III randomized double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TMC125 vs placebo in 612 treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients.
15th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections,
[13.]
B. Trottier, A. Mills, P. Cahn, et al.
Durable efficacy and safety of etravirine in treatment- experienced, HIV-1 infected patients: pooled week 96 results from the phase III DUET-1 and DUET-2 trials.
18th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research, pp. P148
[14.]
P. Cahn, J.M. Molina, W. Towner, M. Peeters, J. Vingerhoets, G. Beets, et al.
48-weeks pooled analysis of DUET-1 and DUET-2 : the impact of baselines characteristics on virologic response to etravirine (TMC125,ETR).
XVII International AIDS Conference,
[15.]
G. Di Petri, J. Valdez Madruga, K. Sathasivam, M. Peeters, J. Vingerhoets, C. Corbett, et al.
The impact of background regimen on virological response to etravirine (TMC 125, ETR): pooled 48-week analysis of DUET-1 and DUET-2.
XVII International AIDS Conference,
[16.]
R. Haubrich, J. Eron, M. Thompson, P. Reiss, R. Weber, M. Peeters, et al.
Reduction in AIDS-defining events/death with etravirine compared to placebo: pooled DUET 48-week results.
48th Annual ICAAC/IDSA 46th Annual Meeting,
[17.]
Y. Yazdanpanah, C. Fagard, D. Descamps, A.M. Taburet, B. Roquebert, I. Tschope, et al.
High rate of virologic success with raltegravir plus etravirine and darunavir/ritonavir in treatment-experienced patients with multidrug-resistant virus: results of the ANRS 139 TRIO trial.
XVII International AIDS Conference,
[18.]
Y. Yazdanpanah, C. Fagard, D. Descamps, A.M. Taburet, B. Collins, B. Roquebert, et al.
High rate of virologic suppression with raltegravir plus etravirine and darunavir/ritonavir among treatment-experienced patients infected with multidrug-resistant HIV: results of the ARNS 139 TRIO trial.
Clin Infect Dis, (2009), pp. 49
[19.]
H. Kerrigan, W. Towner, S. Follansbee, D. Klein.
Treatment response among HIV patients in the etravirine (ETV) and raltegravir (RAL) expanded access program (EAPs) at Kaiser Permanente.
48th Annual ICAAC/46th Annual IDSA Joint Meeting,
[20.]
A. Imaz, S.V. Del Saz, M.A. Rivas, A. Curran, E. Caballero, V. Falcó, et al.
Raltegravir, etravirine and darunavir-ritonavir: a safe and successful rescue regimen in highly treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients.
9th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection. Glasgow, 11, Suppl 1, (2008), pp. 40
[21.]
B. Clotet, N. Bellos, J.M. Molina, D. Cooper, J.C. Goffard, A. Lazzarin, et al.
Efficacy and safety of darunavir-ritonavir at week 48 in treatment-experienced patients with HIV-1 infection in POWER 1 and 2: a pooled subgroup analysis of data from two randomised trials.
Lancet, 369 (2007), pp. 1169-1178
[22.]
B. Ledergerber, J.D. Lundgren, A.S. Walker, C. Sabin, A. Justice, P. Reiss, et al.
Predictors of trend in CD4-positive T-cell count and mortality among HIV-1-infected individuals with virological failure to all three antiretroviral-drug classes.
[23.]
A. Canestri, C. Blanc, M. Wirden, G. Peytavin, N. Ktorza, C. Katlama.
Efficacy and safety of an antiretroviral regimen containing etravirine plus raltegravir in HIV-1 treatmentexperienced patients failing darunavir.
9th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection. Glasgow, 11, Suppl 1, (2008), pp. 38
[24.]
S. Nozza, F. Visco, A. Soria, L. Galli, S. Salpietro, N. Gianotti, et al.
Excellent short term CD4 recovery with a PI-and NNRTI-sparing regimen in triple-class failure HIVinfected patients: raltegravir, maraviroc, etravirine.
9th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection. Glasgow, 11, Suppl 1, (2008), pp. 45
[25.]
Seminari, et al.
Etravirine for the treatment of HIV infection.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 6 (2008), pp. 427-433
Copyright © 2009. Elsevier España S.L.. Todos los derechos reservados
Opciones de artículo
Herramientas
es en pt

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos