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Vol. 53. Núm. 10.
Páginas 599-606 (Diciembre 2006)
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Vol. 53. Núm. 10.
Páginas 599-606 (Diciembre 2006)
Revisiones
Acceso a texto completo
Relación entre el consumo de isoflavonas de soja y las concentraciones de colesterol: revisión de la evidencia
Association between soy isoflavone intake and cholesterol levels: evidence review
Visitas
7927
Susana Canales Ugarte
Autor para correspondencia
scanales@sescam.jccm.es

Correspondencia: Dra. S. Canales. Servicio de Farmacia Hospitalaria. Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara. Donantes de sangre, s/n. 19001 Guadalajara. España.
Servicio de Farmacia Hospitalaria. Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara. Guadalajara. España
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En los últimos años, ha aumentado enormemente el interés sobre el papel de las isoflavonas de soja como agentes reductores de colesterol. Sin embargo, todavía no existen recomendaciones firmes al respecto, ya que las conclusiones de la investigación no son claras. El objetivo de esta revisión es esclarecer la evidencia existente acerca del efecto de las isoflavonas en el colesterol. Se hizo una búsqueda en varias bases de datos electrónicas y se seleccionó todos los estudios que analizaban los efectos de las isoflavonas de soja en el riesgo cardiovascular, concretamente el perfil lipídico o la concentración de colesterol, en la población adulta. Se incluyó 19 publicaciones, de las que 4 concluyen que el consumo de isoflavonas reduce el colesterol; 3 de ellas encuentran cierto efecto hipocolesterolemiante, pero no lo adjudican a las isoflavonas, y en el resto el resultado no muestra ningún efecto significativo en el perfil lipídico. En conclusión, la evidencia aportada hasta la actualidad es insuficiente para recomendar el consumo de isoflavonas con el objetivo de reducir la concentración de colesterol.

Palabras clave:
Isoflavonas
Fitoestrógenos
Genisteína
Daidzeína
Gliciteína
Alimentos de soja
Enfermedad cardiovascular
Agentes cardiovasculares
Colesterol
Lipoproteínas

In the last few years, interest in soy isoflavones as cholesterol-reducing agents has increased enormously. However, to date, no solid recommendations have been made because the conclusions of research are not yet clear. This review aims to clarify the existing evidence on the effect of isoflavones on cholesterol. A search was performed in several electronic databases and all publications analyzing the effect of soy isoflavones on cardiovascular risk were selected, specifically the effect on lipid profile or cholesterol levels in the adult population. Nineteen publications were included in this review. Of these, four conclude that isoflavone intake reduces cholesterol while three show a certain hypocholesterolemic effect, but do not attribute this effect to isoflavones. The remaining articles show no significant effect on lipid profile. In conclusion, the currently available evidence is insufficient to recommend isoflavone intake for cholesterol reduction.

Key words:
Isoflavones
Phytoestrogens
Genistein
Daidzein
Glycitein
Soy foods
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular agents
Cholesterol
Lipoproteins
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Copyright © 2006. Sociedad Española de Endocrinología y Nutrición
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