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Vol. 19. Núm. 6.
Páginas 278-286 (Noviembre 2007)
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Vol. 19. Núm. 6.
Páginas 278-286 (Noviembre 2007)
Acceso a texto completo
Efectos vasculares y moleculares de los andrógenos endógenos en un modelo experimental en conejos ateroscleróticos
Vascular and molecular effects of endogenous androgens in an atherosclerotic experimental rabbit model
Visitas
4241
Darío Echeverria,
Autor para correspondencia
funcionvascular@cardioinfantil.org

Correspondencia: Dr. D. Echeverri. Laboratorio de Investigación en Función Vascular. Fundación Cardioinfantil-Instituto de Cardiología. Calle 163 A, número 13B-60. Primer Piso. Bogotá. Colombia. funcionvascular@cardioinfantil.org
, Mónica Díazb, Alexandra Delgadilloa, Félix Montesa, Fernando Lizcanob
a Laboratorio de Investigación en Función Vascular. Fundación Cardioinfantil-Instituto de Cardiología. Bogotá. Colombia
b Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de La Sabana. Chía. Colombia
Este artículo ha recibido
Información del artículo
Introducción

Existe controversia acerca de los efectos de los andrógenos sobre la aterosclerosis y sus manifestaciones clínicas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar, en conejos ateroscleróticos castrados y no castrados, las características morfológicas, funcionales y la expresión de genes asociados con el metabolismo reverso del colesterol.

Métodos

Cuarenta conejos machos NZ fueron distribuidos en 4 grupos: 1: no castrados, con dieta normal; 2: castrados, con dieta normal; 3: no castrados, con dieta aterogénica, y 4: castrados, con dieta aterogénica. En cada conejo se realizaron mediciones de colesterol total, testosterona libre, relajación vascular in vitro, análisis histomorfométricos de la aorta torácica, y la expresión de genes IL-1β, LRX-α y ABCA1.

Resultados

La castración redujo los valores de testosterona total (2,1±0,3 frente a 0,8±0,4 ng/ml; p=0,024). En animales con dieta normal (grupos 1 y 2), la castración incrementó la expresión de IL-1β (0,71±0,07 frente a 0,77±0,06; p<0,001), redujo LXR-α (0,77±0,008 frente a 0,41±0,01; p<0,001) y aumentó ABCA1 (0,2±0,008 frente a 0,31±0,08; p<0,001). En animales con dieta aterogénica (grupos 3 y 4), la castración se asoció a mayor área de la placa (0,9±1,3 frente a 2,6±2,3 mm2; p=0,026), índice área placa/área vaso (0,08±0,1 frente a 0,25±0,1; p<0,001), índice area placa/área de la media (0,2±0,2 frente a 0,4±0,3; p=0,003), mayor expresión de IL-1β (0,93±0,05 frente a 1,1±0,02; p<0,001), reducción de LXR-α (1,45±0,01 frente a 1,29±0,01; p<0,001) y reducción de ABCA1 (0,22±0,1 frente a 0,20±0,02; p < 0,001).

Conclusiones

Este estudio demuestra que, en presencia de aterosclerosis inducida por hipercolesterolemia, la testosterona endógena podría tener un efecto atenuante o protector de la aterogénesis.

Palabras clave:
Aterosclerosis
Andrógenos
Colesterol
Interleucinas
Introduction

The effects of androgens on atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations are controversial. The objective of this study was to compare the morphologic and functional characteristics and gene expression associated with reverse metabolism of cholesterol in castrated and non-castrated atherosclerotic rabbits.

Methods

Forty male NZ rabbits were distributed in four groups: 1: non-castrated with a normal diet; 2: castrated with a normal diet; 3: non-castrated with an atherogenic diet, and 4: castrated with an atherogenic diet. Measurements of total cholesterol, free testosterone, in vitro vascular relaxation, histomorphometric analyses of the thoracic aorta and expression of the IL-1β, LRX-α and ABCA1 genes were carried out in each rabbit.

Results

Castration decreased levels of total testosterone (2.1±0.3 vs. 0.8 ± 0.4 ng/mL; P=.024). In animals with a normal diet (groups 1 and 2), castration increased expression of IL-1β (0.71±0.07 vs. 0.77±0.06; P<.001), decreased that of LXR-α (0.77±0.008 vs. 0.41±0.01; P<.001) and increased that of ABCA1 (0.2±0.008 vs. 0.31±0.08; P<.001). In animals with an atherogenic diet (groups 3 and 4), castration was associated with a larger plaque area (0.9±1.3 vs. 2.6 ± 2.3 mm2; P=.026), plaque area/vessel area ratio (0.08±0.1 vs. 0.25±0.1; P<.001), plaque area/media area ratio (0.2±0.2 vs. 0.4±0.3; P=.003), greater expression of IL-1 (0.93±0.05 vs. 1.1±0.02; P<.001), reduction of LXR-α (1.45±0.01 vs. 1.29±0.01; P<.001), and reduction of ABCA1 (0.22 ± 0.1 vs. 0.20 ± 0.02; P<.001).

Conclusions

This study shows that in the presence of atherosclerosis induced by hypercholesterolemia, endogenous testosterone could have an attenuating or protective effect on atherogenesis.

Keywords:
Atherosclerosis
Androgens
Cholesterol
Interleukins
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