La hipertensión arterial se asocia con remodelación vascular y cambios hemodinámicos, aunque la interacción global de estos procesos sigue insuficientemente comprendida.
ObjetivoAnalizar la estructura de redes fisiológicas que integran rigidez arterial, parámetros hemodinámicos y arquitectura aórtica en los pacientes con y sin hipertensión arterial.
Materiales y métodoEstudio analítico de una base secundaria (n=801) con mediciones clínicas, hemodinámicas, rigidez arterial mediante el índice vascular cardio-tobillo izquierdo y derecho (CAVI-L y CAVI-R), y diámetros aórticos mediante tomografía computarizada. Para los grupos con y sin hipertensión arterial (HTA) se estimaron redes mediante Extended Bayesian Information Criterion Graphical LASSO (EBIC-GLASSO), métricas de centralidad (degree, strength, betweenness) y métricas globales (densidad, modularidad y comunidades). Las redes se visualizaron con Fruchterman-Reingold y se compararon mediante un procedimiento permutacional que reproduce el Network Comparison Test (NCT).
ResultadosEl análisis de redes evidenció diferencias topológicas entre los pacientes con hipertensión arterial (HTA) y sin HTA. En el grupo hipertenso, CAVI-L, el índice de masa corporal y la presión diastólica mostraron aumentos en degree y strength. Segmentos como el seno de Valsalva, arco aórtico medio y aorta torácica descendente proximal presentaron valores más elevados de betweenness. La red hipertensiva mostró mayor densidad y menor diferenciación funcional efectiva. El análisis permutacional confirmó una mayor fuerza global en HTA, con significación formal únicamente para la presión diastólica.
ConclusionesLa hipertensión arterial se asocia con cambios globales en la organización vascular, caracterizados por mayor rigidez arterial, conectividad y predominio funcional de la presión diastólica dentro de la red fisiológica.
Hypertension is associated with vascular remodeling and hemodynamic alterations; however, the global interaction of these processes remains insufficiently understood.
ObjectiveTo analyze the structure of physiological networks integrating arterial stiffness, hemodynamic parameters, and aortic architecture in patients with and without hypertension.
Materials and methodsAn analytical study based on a secondary dataset (n=801) including clinical and hemodynamic measurements, arterial stiffness assessed by the left and right cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI-L and CAVI-R), and aortic diameters measured by computed tomography. Physiological networks were estimated for hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups using the Extended Bayesian Information Criterion Graphical LASSO (EBIC-GLASSO). Centrality metrics (degree, strength, betweenness) and global network metrics (density, modularity, and communities) were computed. Networks were visualized using the Fruchterman–Reingold algorithm and compared through a permutation-based procedure reproducing the Network Comparison Test (NCT).
ResultsNetwork analysis revealed topological differences between patients with hypertension and those without hypertension. In the hypertensive group, CAVI-L, body mass index, and diastolic blood pressure showed higher degree and strength values. Aortic segments such as the sinus of Valsalva, mid aortic arch, and proximal descending thoracic aorta exhibited higher betweenness values. The hypertensive network showed higher density and lower effective functional differentiation. Permutation analysis confirmed greater global network strength in the hypertensive group, with formal statistical significance observed only for diastolic blood pressure.
ConclusionsHypertension is associated with global changes in vascular organization, characterized by increased arterial stiffness, higher network connectivity, and a functional predominance of diastolic blood pressure within the physiological network.
