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Vol. 69. Núm. 4.
Páginas 366-370 (Abril 2001)
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Vol. 69. Núm. 4.
Páginas 366-370 (Abril 2001)
Acceso a texto completo
Influencia de la tiroidectomía sobre la pérdida de masa ósea en relación con el déficit de calcitonina y el tratamiento con tiroxina
Influence of thyroidectomy and thyroxin treatment on bone mass loss and calcitonin deficit
Visitas
8435
H. Piñeiro Martínez*,1, P. Gil Gil**, N. Cáceres Alvarado***, C. Páramo Fernández****, C. Barbazán Álvarez*****, M.A. Andrade Olivié******, M.C. Gómez González*******, J. Potel Lesquereux********
* Jefe de Sección de Cirugía
** Jefe de Servicio de Cirugía
*** Médico adjunto de Cirugía
**** Médico adjunto de Endocrinología
***** Jefe de Sección de Reumatología
****** Médico adjunto. Laboratorio de Hormonas. Servicio de Análisis Clínicos.
******* Jefe de Sección de Bioquímica. Servicio de Cirugía General. Complejo Hospitalario Xeral-Cíes. Vigo.
******** Catedrático de Cirugía. Hospital Clínico Universitario. Santiago de Compostela.
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Resumen
Introducción

Durante las últimas décadas se ha intentado valorar si la tiroidectomía y el tratamiento con tiroxina tienen un efecto negativo sobre la masa ósea. Los resultados publicados presentan discrepancias, faltan, además, estudios en pacientes con tratamiento sustitutivo.

Material y métodos

Se realiza un estudio de casos y controles, comparando a mujeres tiroidectomizadas (n = 60) con mujeres sin enfermedad tiroidea, de la misma situación estrogénica y edad, peso y talla similares. Se determinan T3, T4, TSH, PTH, vitamina D, calcitonina basal e inducida, densitometría ósea lumbar y femoral (AXD) y marcadores de la actividad ósea (osteocalcina, FATR, hidroxiprolina y deoxipiridinolina), así como las dosis de tiroxina y el tiempo de tratamiento en cada paciente.

Resultados

La comparación entre casos y controles no presentó diferencias en edad, peso, talla, PTH y vitamina D. No se hallaron diferencias densitométricas globales ni aumento de pérdida de densidad ósea en los subgrupos estrogénicos de las tiroidectomizadas. Tampoco se apreciaron diferencias en la osteocalcina y en la deoxipiridinolina. La calcitonina basal fue de 6,9 ± 4,4 pg/ml en los controles y de 4,6 ± 1,9 pg/ml en los casos (p < 0,01). No hubo respuesta al estímulo en las tiroidectomías totales, que presentó un incremento mínimo a los 5 minutos en las subtotales.

Conclusiones

No existe aumento de pérdida de mineral óseo en mujeres tiroidectomizadas por enfermedad benigna no hipertiroidea tratadas con tiroxina. Éstas presentan valores de calcitonina inferiores a los controles con incapacidad de respuesta al estímulo con calcio.

Palabras clave:
Tiroides
Masa ósea
Calcitonina
Introduction

During the last few decades attempts have been made to evaluate whether thyroidectomy and thyroxin treatment have a negative effect on bone mass. Published results are contradictory and studies of patients on replacement therapy are lacking.

Material and methods

A case control study was carried out. Women who had undergone thyroidectomy (n = 60) were compared with women with no thyroid abnormalities and with estrogen concentrations, age, weight and height similar to those of the thyroidectomized women. In each patient 3,5,3´-triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, basal and induced calcitonin, lumbar and femoral bone densitometry (DXA) and bone activity markers (osteocalcin, FATR, hydroxyproline and deoxypyridinoline) as well as thyroxine doses and duration of treatment were determined.

Results

Comparison between patients and controls revealed no differences in age, weight, height, parathyroid hormone or vitamin D concentrations. No overall differences in bone density or increase in bone density loss were found in the subgroups of thyroidectomized divided according to estrogen concentrations. No differences were found in osteocalcin or deoxypyridinoline concentrations. Basal calcitonin was 6.9 ± 4.4 pg/ml in controls and 4.6 ± 1.9 in patients (p < 0.01). Patients with total thyroidectomy showed no response to stimulus while those with subtotal thyroidectomy showed a minimal increase at 5 minutes.

Conclusion

Patients with thyroidectomy for non-hyperthyroid benign disease undergoing thyroxine treatment showed no increase in bone mineral loss. These women showed lower concentrations of calcitonin than controls and were unable to respond to calcium stimulus.

Key words:
Thyroid
Bone mas
Calcitonin
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Este trabajo ha sido realizado conuna ayuda de la Consellería de Educación e Ordenación Universitaria de Galicia (Xuga 90302A94).

Copyright © 2001. Asociación Española de Cirujanos
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