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Vol. 45. Issue 7.
Pages 493-497 (September 2021)
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Vol. 45. Issue 7.
Pages 493-497 (September 2021)
Original article
Surgical management of horseshoe kidney tumors. Literature review and analysis of two cases
Manejo quirúrgico de tumores en riñón en herradura. Revisión de la literatura y análisis de 2 casos
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R. Quintana Álvarez
Corresponding author
, F. Herranz Amo, G. Bueno Chomón, D. Subirá Ríos, V. Bataller Monfort, J. Hernández Cavieres, C. Hernández Fernández
Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

The horseshoe kidney is a rare congenital anomaly in the general population that combines renal ectopia, malrotation and abnormal vascular supply. The most frequently developed tumor in this case is renal cell carcinoma (50%).

One of its main characteristics is great anatomical variation, especially in terms of vascular structures.

Material and methods

We present two cases of patients with diagnosis of renal tumor in horseshoe kidneys, both treated with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in our department.

Additionally, we have carried a review of the current literature.

Discussion

Indications for surgical treatment in this pathology are the same as in kidneys with normal anatomy. Traditionally, treatment has been open surgery, with heminephrectomy as surgery of choice. The current trend is to advocate nephron-sparing surgery, and the laparoscopic approach has been progressively gaining importance.

Conclusion

A thorough imaging study is essential for proper surgical planning.

Keywords:
Horseshoe kidney
Renal tumor
Laparoscopy
Partial nephrectomy
Resumen
Introducción

El riñón en herradura es una anomalía congénita poco frecuente en la población general que combina ectopia renal, malrotación y alteraciones en la vascularización. El tumor que más frecuentemente se desarrolla en estos casos es el carcinoma de células renales (50%).

Una de sus características a destacar es la gran variabilidad en su anatomía, sobre todo a nivel vascular.

Material y métodos

Presentamos 2 casos de pacientes con diagnóstico de tumor renal en riñones en herradura, ambos tratados con nefrectomía parcial laparoscópica, llevados a cabo en nuestro servicio; y realizamos una revisión de la literatura actual.

Discusión

Las indicaciones de tratamiento quirúrgico en tumores en esta patología son las mismas que en los riñones anatómicamente normales. Tradicionalmente, el tratamiento ha sido la cirugía abierta, siendo la heminefrectomía la cirugía de elección. En la actualidad se tiende a defender la cirugía conservadora de nefronas, y el abordaje laparoscópico ha adquirido más importancia progresivamente.

Conclusión

Es fundamental realizar un estudio de imagen minucioso para una correcta planificación quirúrgica.

Palabras clave:
Riñón en herradura
Tumor renal
Laparoscopia
Nefrectomía parcial

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