TY - JOUR T1 - Resistance to β-lactams in Streptococcus pneumoniae JO - Revista Argentina de Microbiología T2 - AU - von Specht,Martha AU - García Gabarrot,Gabriela AU - Mollerach,Marta AU - Bonofiglio,Laura AU - Gagetti,Paula AU - Kaufman,Sara AU - Vigliarolo,Laura AU - Toresani,Inés AU - Lopardo,Horacio A. SN - 03257541 M3 - 10.1016/j.ram.2021.02.007 DO - 10.1016/j.ram.2021.02.007 UR - https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-revista-argentina-microbiologia-372-articulo-resistance-lactams-in-streptococcus-pneumoniae-S0325754121000419 AB - Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important causal agent of pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, bacteremia, and otitis media. Penicillin resistance rates in S. pneumoniae have remained stable in Argentina in the last years. In the late ‘90s more isolates with MIC of penicillin ≥2μg/ml were observed; however, their frequency has decreased in recent years. The phenotypic expression of penicillin resistance is due to a modification in penicillin-binding proteins associated with a mosaic structure in the coding genes. The expansion of successful resistant clones varies among the different regions and is influenced by the use of antibiotics, vaccines, particularly conjugated ones, as well as population density. Parenteral treatment with high doses of penicillin G continues to be effective for the treatment of pneumonia and bacteremia, oral aminopenicillins for otitis media and sinusitis and third generation cephalosporins for meningitis. ER -