TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection in hospitalized patients in Spain: An eight-year review (2012–2019) JO - Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica T2 - AU - Asensio,Ángel AU - Vallejo-Plaza,Alberto AU - Parra,Lina M. AU - Ortí-Lucas,Rafael AU - Salcedo,Inmaculada AU - Ramos,Antonio AU - Cantero,Mireia SN - 0213005X M3 - 10.1016/j.eimc.2021.04.006 DO - 10.1016/j.eimc.2021.04.006 UR - https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-enfermedades-infecciosas-microbiologia-clinica-28-articulo-epidemiology-clostridioides-difficile-infection-in-S0213005X21001798 AB - BackgroundClostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a disease that is potentially preventable by vaccination. A good knowledge of its epidemiology, which can change over time, is warranted for prevention purposes and to help decision-making on the use of vaccines in public health programs. The objective of the research was to determine the epidemiology of healthcare-associated CDI (HA-CDI) and community-associated CDI (CA-CDI) in hospitalized patients in Spain using point prevalence data. MethodsPoint prevalence survey data on infections of hospitalized patients for years 2012–2019 were analyzed. HA-CDI and CA-CDI prevalence rates were calculated. Both HA-CDI and CA-CDI, as well as age group prevalence rates, were examined for trends. Patient comorbidities were tested for association to CDI. ResultsThe prevalence of CDI in Spanish hospitals has grown exponentially from 14.1% in 2012 to 35.9% in 2019 (cases/10.000 hospitalized patients). Almost two thirds of the cases are of nosocomial onset. This increase was observed for HA-CDI and CA-CDI at an annual rate of 1.11% (CI 95% 1.08–1.15) and 1.09% (CI 95% 1.04–1.13), respectively. Patients 50 years old or older represent 87% of the total number of cases. Patients suffering from neoplasm (OR 1.39), immunodeficiency (OR 3.26), neutropenia (OR 3.70), cirrhosis (OR 1.92) and chronic renal failure (OR 1.91) have a significant increased risk of developing CDI, after adjusting for age. ConclusionIn Spain, the prevalence rate of both HA-CDI and CA-CDI have been increasing. Burden of CDI as well as clinical and epidemiological characteristics of CDI patients will help to support public health decision-making. ER -