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Vol. 19. Issue 2.
Pages 105-109 (July - December 2018)
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Vol. 19. Issue 2.
Pages 105-109 (July - December 2018)
History of Vaccinology
The Military Institute of Hygiene and the creation of the laboratory of rabies vaccine
El Instituto de Higiene Militar y la creación del laboratorio de vacuna antirrábica
J.M. López Gonzáleza, J.L. Duro Torrijosb, J. Tuellsb,
Corresponding author
tuells@ua.es

Corresponding author.
a Enfermero militar, Sección de Sanidad ALA 35, Ejército del Aire, Spain
b Cátedra Balmis de Vacunología, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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Abstract

The success of the rabies vaccine discovered by Pasteur was attended with a wide dissemination and impact throughout the world. The finding gave way to a model of science that materialised in the foundation of the Pasteur Institute, centre that was erected as the international reference for training and acquisition of new scientific knowledge.

For this reason, and as an example of file transfer and update of scientific developments, were commissioned two groups of doctors of the Spanish Military Health Service, one in 1886 and the next in 1901, to obtain a pre-emptive treatment effective against rabies, which would reduce the morbidity and mortality of the disease. A few contacts that threw various reports intended for the assessment of the implementation of the rabies vaccine among the troops, and that, together with an analysis of various primary sources preserved in the Military file of Segovia, identify the main characteristics that wrapped around to the creation of a laboratory for processing and production of rabies vaccine in the Military Institute of Hygiene in Madrid, in force until the last quarter of the twentieth century.

Keywords:
Laboratory of the Army
Rabies vaccine
The rabies virus
Military Institute of Hygiene
Resumen

El éxito de la vacuna contra la rabia descubierta por Pasteur contó con una amplia difusión y repercusión por todo el mundo. El hallazgo dio paso a un modelo de ciencia que se materializó en la fundación del Instituto Pasteur, centro que se erigió como el referente internacional para la formación y adquisición del nuevo conocimiento científico.

Por este motivo y como ejemplo de transferencia y actualización de las novedades científicas, fueron comisionados dos grupos de facultativos del Cuerpo de Sanidad Militar, uno en 1886 y el siguiente en 1901, para obtener un tratamiento preventivo eficaz contra la rabia que permitiera reducir la morbi-mortalidad de la enfermedad. Unos contactos que arrojaron diversos informes destinados a la evaluación de la implantación de la vacuna antirrábica entre las tropas, y que, junto al análisis de diversas fuentes primarias conservadas en el archivo Militar de Segovia, permiten identificar las principales características que envolvieron a la creación de un laboratorio de elaboración y producción de vacuna de antirrábica en el Instituto de Higiene Militar de Madrid, vigente hasta el último cuarto del siglo XX.

Palabras clave:
Laboratorio del ejército
Vacuna antirrábica
Virus rábico
Instituto de Higiene Militar

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