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Vacunas (English Edition) Factors associated with the intention to vaccinate male children and adolescents...
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Vol. 27. Issue 2.
(April - June 2026)
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Vol. 27. Issue 2.
(April - June 2026)
Special article

Factors associated with the intention to vaccinate male children and adolescents against HPV in Casanare, Colombia

Factores asociados a la intención de vacunación contra el VPH en población masculina infantil y adolescentes. Casanare, Colombia
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Edwin Omar Ochoa Gelvez
Corresponding author
edwin.ochoa@urosario.edu.co

Corresponding author.
, Maria Nieves Díaz Bastidaz
Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), Departmental Health Secretariat, Casanare, Colombia
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Abstract
Introduction

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in males represents a key public health strategy for preventing HPV-related diseases; however, its incorporation into national immunization programs remains limited in many settings. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with the intention of parents and caregivers to vaccinate male children and adolescents aged 9–17 years.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted between July and October 2025 in municipalities of the department of Casanare, Colombia. An anonymous questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, perceptions and intention to vaccinate against HPV was administered to parents and caregivers of male children and adolescents aged 9–17 years. A multistage sampling strategy was employed, involving the random selection of clusters and the sequential, household-based recruitment of eligible participants.

Results

A total of 569 adult participants, predominantly women, were included. The intention to vaccinate minors was high (82.4%). In the multivariate model, vaccination intention was associated with the adult's role in the child's care, with tutors and caregivers showing a higher likelihood of intending to vaccinate compared with parents (OR = 2.94; 95% CI: 1.18–8.57). Adequate knowledge (OR = 2.77; 95% CI: 1.66–4.70) and neutral or favorable perceptions (OR = 2.67 and OR = 34.97, respectively) were also positively associated with vaccination intention.

Conclusion

Although participants demonstrated limited knowledge and generally neutral perceptions, the intention to vaccinate male children and adolescents was high. These findings suggest an opportunity to enhance communication strategies that foster informed decision-making and promote sustained HPV vaccination uptake.

Keywords:
Human papillomavirus
Male
Parents
Vaccine
HPV vaccine
Knowledge
Resumen
Introducción

La vacunación contra el VPH en varones constituye una estrategia preventiva relevante en salud pública, aunque su inclusión en los programas nacionales de inmunización sigue siendo limitada. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los factores asociados a la intención de padres y cuidadores de vacunar a niños y adolescentes de 9 a 17 años.

Materiales y Métodos

Se realizó un estudio transversal entre julio y octubre de 2025 en los municipios del departamento de Casanare, Colombia. Se aplicó un cuestionario anónimo a padres y cuidadores de niños y adolescentes de 9 a 17 años para evaluar características sociodemográficas, conocimientos, percepciones e intención de vacunación contra el VPH. El estudio empleó un muestreo multietápico, que incluyó la selección aleatoria de conglomerados y la búsqueda secuencial de participantes elegibles en los hogares.

Resultados

Participaron 569 acudientes, principalmente mujeres. La intención de vacunar a los menores fue alta (82,4%). En el análisis multivariado, la intención se asoció significativamente con el parentesco, mostrando mayor probabilidad entre cuidadores o tutores (OR = 2,94; IC95%: 1,18–8,57). Asimismo, un nivel adecuado de conocimiento (OR = 2,77; IC95%: 1,66–4,70) y percepciones neutras o favorables (OR = 2,67 y OR = 34,97, respectivamente) incrementaron la intención de vacunación.

Conclusión

Aunque los participantes demostraron conocimientos limitados y percepciones generalmente neutras, se encontró una alta intención de vacunar a varones. Estos hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de mejorar las estrategias de información que fomenten la toma de desiciones y promuevan la vacunación permanente contra el VPH.

Palabras clave:
Virus del papiloma humano
Masculino
Padres
Vacuna
Vacuna contra el VPH
Conocimiento

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