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Vol. 4. Issue 3.
Pages 73-79 (July 2003)
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Vol. 4. Issue 3.
Pages 73-79 (July 2003)
Cobertura de serotipos de la vacuna antineumocócica conjugada heptavalente. Cataluña, 1997–2002
Visits
51
L. Salierasa,*, A. Fenollb, A. Domíngueza, E. Navasa, J. Casalb
a Dirección General de Salud Pública. Departamento de Sanidad y Seguridad Social. Barcelona. España
b Centro Nacional de Microbiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España
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RESUMEN
Objetivos

Analizar la adecuación de la vacuna antineumocócica heptavalente al patrón de distribución de los serotipos causantes de enfermedad neumocócica invasiva en los niños menores de 2 años en Cataluña.

Pacientes y métodos

En el laboratorio de microbiología del Instituto de Salud Carlos III se ha estudiado el serotipo de las cepas de Streptococcus pneumoniae correspondiente a niños menores de 2 años con enfermedad invasiva hospitalizados en Cataluña durante el período 1997-2002.

Resultados

Se estudiaron 260 cepas. Los serotipos identificados fueron 24, de los que 3 (14, 19F y 6B) supusieron el 49,65% de las infecciones invasivas. Los serotipos incluidos en la vacuna heptavalente cubrieron el 70,4% de los serotipos causantes de enfermedad neumocócica. Si a ésta se añaden los serotipos con inmunidad cruzada probada respecto a los incluidos en la vacuna 6A, 9N y 23A/B la cobertura alcanzó el 78,4896.

Conclusión

La distribución de serotipos causante de enfermedad invasiva en los niños pequeños en Cataluña permite señalar que el impacto de la vacunación sería muy elevado en nuestra comunidad, similar al obtenido en Estados Unidos.

Palabras clave:
Vacuna conjugada
Neumococo
Serotipos
Cobertura
Enfermedad invasiva
SUMMARY
Objectives

To analyse the adaptation of the 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine to the distribution pattern of serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in infants under two years of age in Catalonia (Spain).

Material and methods

The serotype of the strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae found in infants under 2 years of age hospitalised in Catalonia during the period 1997-2002 was studied by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III microbiological laboratory.

Results

A total of 260 strains were studied. Twenty-four serotypes were identified, of which three (14, 19F and 6B) accounted for 49.65% of invasive disease. The serotypes included in the 7-valent vaccine covered 70.4% of the serotypes causing pneumococcal disease. When serotypes with proven cross-inmunity to the serotypes included in the vaccine 6A, 9N and 23A/B were added, the coverage reached 78.48%.

Conclusion

The distribution of serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in infants in Catalonia indicates that the impact of vaccination would be very high in our region, and comparable with the results obtained in the United States.

Key words:
Conjugate vaccine
Pneumococcus
Serotypes
Coverage
Invasive disease

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