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Vol. 20. Issue 1.
Pages 25-33 (January - June 2019)
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Vol. 20. Issue 1.
Pages 25-33 (January - June 2019)
Special article
Educational intervention for achieving improvements in the vaccination coverage of meningitis C in primary care
Intervención educativa para el logro de mejoras en la cobertura vacunal de meningitis C en atención primaria
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M. Monreal Péreza,
Corresponding author
monrealperezmmaria@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, M.A. Beltrán Vicianob
a Centro de Salud Fernando El Católico, Departamento de Salud de Castellón, Castellón, Spain
b Unidad de Alcohología (UA) Valencia-Trinitat, Departamento de Salud de la Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Figures (1)
Tables (9)
Table 1. Subjects under study before the intervention.
Table 2. Informative interventions in the study population.
Table 3. Codifications of categorical variables.
Table 4. Equation variables.
Table 5. Summary of the models.
Table 6a. Equation variables.
Table 6b. Model if the term is eliminated.
Table 6c. Variables not in the equation.
Table 7. Different studies published up to 2017.
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Abstract
Introduction

This study aims to show the importance of educational interventions in increasing vaccination coverage. It consists of giving information about the disease of meningitis and the efficacy of the meningitis C vaccine, as well as to observe any reactions. The objective is to verify that the vaccination rate and its registration increase after the intervention.

Methodology

The study was carried out in two stages. The first stage corresponded to a retrospective observational study, and the second stage was completed with a pre-post intervention study. The study was conducted on 351 young adults of 20 years of age, from an urban health centre in Castellón, Spain.

Results

There was a 49% increase in vaccination rate after the intervention (95% CI; 43.35–54.09), with an increase in the registration of vaccination of 40.43% (95% CI; 25.33–55.52). The number needed to treat (NNT) is determined by defining it as number of interventions necessary to achieve one vaccination; obtaining a result of 3.

Conclusions

The vaccination rate and its registration increased significantly after the impact of an educational intervention for young adults, with nursing staff as key personnel. The variable that was shown to have a significant relationship for the population studied was immigration.

Keywords:
Vaccination coverage
Meningitis C vaccine
Educational intervention
Resumen
Introducción

El presente estudio pretende mostrar la importancia de las intervenciones educativas a la hora de aumentar las coberturas vacunales. Consiste en dar información sobre la enfermedad meningocócica, la eficacia de la vacuna de la meningitis C y observar las reacciones. El objetivo es comprobar que la tasa de vacunación y su registro se incrementan tras la intervención realizada.

Metodología

Es un estudio realizado en 2 etapas. La primera etapa corresponde a un estudio observacional retrospectivo y la segunda se completa con un estudio prepostintervención. Dicho estudio se realizó sobre 351 adolescentes de 20 años de edad, en un centro de salud urbano perteneciente al departamento de Castellón, España.

Resultados

Tras la intervención se obtuvo un incremento en la tasa de vacunación del 49% (IC 95%: 43,35-54,09), con un incremento en el registro de la vacunación de un 40,43% (IC 95%: 25,33-55,52). La cobertura vacunal media en el centro de salud, para las 3 dosis de la vacunación sistemática, durante 2007 fue superior al 80%. Se determinó el número necesario a tratar definiéndolo como número de intervenciones necesarias para conseguir la vacunación de uno, obteniendo un resultado de 3.

Conclusiones

La tasa de vacunación y su registro se incrementan de forma significativa tras el impacto de una intervención educativa para adolescentes, con el personal de enfermería como personal clave. La cobertura vacunal sistemática del centro de salud estudiado es buena. La variable que ha demostrado tener una relación significativa para nuestra población en estudio es la inmigración.

Palabras clave:
Cobertura vacunal
Vacuna meningitis C
Intervención educativa

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