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Revista de Psicodidáctica (English Edition)

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Revista de Psicodidáctica (English Edition) Effects of motivational climate (dis-)empowering on self-esteem in Physical Educ...
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Vol. 31. Issue 2.
(July - December 2026)
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Vol. 31. Issue 2.
(July - December 2026)
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Effects of motivational climate (dis-)empowering on self-esteem in Physical Education: Mediating role of basic psychological needs

Efectos del clima motivacional (des-)empoderador sobre la autoestima en educación física: rol mediador de las necesidades psicológicas básicas
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Antonio Granero-Gallegosa,c, Luis M. Salmerón-Hinojosaa, Ginés D. López-Garcíaa,b,
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glopez@um.es

Corresponding author.
a Faculty of Education, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
b ISEN University Center, Faculty affiliated with the University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
c Faculty of Education and Health Research Center, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
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Abstract

Grounded in Self-Determination Theory and Achievement-Goal Theory, and applying a hierarchical and multidimensional approach to motivational climates, this research explored how students' perceptions of teacher-induced (dis)empowering climates in Physical Education relate to their basic psychological needs satisfaction and self-esteem. A total of 2,438 students (1,178 boys; Mage = 16.15, SD = 2.01) took part in this cross-sectional investigation. The results from structural equation modelling indicated that empowering climates fostered the satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which were, in turn, linked to self-esteem. Mediation analyses revealed that the effects of empowering climates on self-esteem were mainly driven by satisfaction of competence and autonomy. These findings underscore the relevance of fostering motivational climates in physical education that support psychological needs, as a way to strengthen students’ self-worth and mitigate the risk of developing negative self-perceptions.

Keywords:
Empowering and disempowering climate
Need support
Self-determination theory
PE
Gender invariance
Resumen

Basado en la Teoría de la Autodeterminación y la Teoría de Metas de Logro, y aplicando un enfoque jerárquico y multidimensional del clima motivacional, este estudio examina cómo la percepción del alumnado sobre los climas (des)empoderantes inducidos por el profesorado en clases de Educación Física se relaciona con la satisfacción de sus necesidades psicológicas básicas y su autoestima. Un total de 2.438 estudiantes (1.178 niños; Medad = 16.15, DT = 2.01) han participado en este estudio transversal. Los resultados del modelado de ecuaciones estructurales indican que los climas empoderantes favorecen la satisfacción de la autonomía, la competencia y la relación, las cuales se asocian positivamente con la autoestima. Los análisis de mediación revelan que los efectos de los climas empoderadores sobre la autoestima son mediados principalmente por la satisfacción de la competencia y la autonomía. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de promover climas motivacionales en Educación Física que apoyen las necesidades psicológicas básicas como vía para fortalecer la autoestima del alumnado y reducir el riesgo de desarrollar percepciones negativas sobre sí mismos.

Palabras clave:
Clima empoderador y desempoderador
Apoyo a las necesidades
Teoría de la autodeterminación
Educación física
Invarianza según el género

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