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Vol. 29. Issue 1.
Pages 35-46 (January - June 2011)
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Vol. 29. Issue 1.
Pages 35-46 (January - June 2011)
Open Access
Impacto do cancro do osso e tecidos moles no ajustamento emocional e qualidade de vida
Impact of bone and soft tissue cancer on emotional adjustment and quality of life
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Tiago Paredesa,
Corresponding author
tiago_paredes@yahoo.com.br

Autor para correspondência.
, Maria Cristina Canavarrob, Mário Rodrigues Simõesc
a Instituto de Psicologia Cognitiva, Desenvolvimento Vocacional e Social, Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
b Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
c Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Resumo
Introdução

O presente estudo procurou comparar o ajustamento emocional e qualidade de vida (QdV) de doentes diagnosticados com cancro do osso e tecidos moles, que se encontravam em diferentes fases da trajectória da doença.

Material e métodos

Cinquenta e cinco doentes entre o diagnóstico e o inicio dos tratamentos, 55 a realizarem tratamento e 74 em consultas de seguimento ou follow-up foram avaliados com recurso a questionários de auto-resposta. Setenta indivíduos da população geral foram usados como grupo de controlo.

Resultados

Nas diferentes fases da doença, a maioria dos doentes com sarcoma revelou níveis normais ou ligeiros de ansiedade e depressão mas, uma minoria considerável exibiu níveis moderados a severos. De um modo geral, os doentes em cada fase da doença revelaram um distress emocional sem relevância clínica e comparável ao de indivíduos saudáveis. Apenas os doentes a realizarem tratamento exibiram níveis de depressão significativamente superiores aos manifestados pelos sobreviventes na fase de follow-up. Na fase de diagnóstico e tratamento observou-se uma pior percepção de QdV global e na dimensão física, quer comparativamente à fase de follow-up quer aos controlos saudáveis. O impacto na QdV, de um modo geral, parece ser mais evidente na fase de tratamento dados os piores níveis de funcionamento em diversas áreas da vida e a maior experiência de sintomas físicos, principalmente em relação à fase de follow-up. Os sobreviventes livres de doença apresentam uma QdV comparável à de indivíduos da população geral, nas suas diferentes dimensões.

Conclusões

O número de doentes que exibe um distress emocional significativo (entre 25% e 29,6% para a ansiedade e 8,3% e 23,6% para a depressão) e o impacto do cancro do osso e tecidos moles na QdV, principalmente na fase de diagnóstico e durante os tratamentos, apelam para a necessidade de implementar intervenções multidisciplinares em indivíduos diagnosticados com este tipo específico de patologia oncológica. Estas intervenções deverão incluir um componente psicossocial e ser adaptadas a cada fase da trajectória da doença.

Palavras-chave:
Sarcomas
Ajustamento emocional
Qualidade de vida
Trajectória da doença
Abstract
Introduction

The aim of the present study was the comparison of emotional adjustment and quality of life (QoL) of bone and soft tissue cancer patients that were in different phases of the disease trajectory.

Material and methods

Fifty five patients between diagnosis and treatment initiation, 55 under treatment and 74 in follow-up consultations were assessed using self-report questionnaires. Seventy persons from the general population were used as control group. In the different phases of the disease the majority of patients revealed normal or mild levels of anxiety and depression but, an important minority showed moderate to severe levels.

Results

In general, the emotional distress of patients in each phase of the disease was not clinically relevant and was comparable to that of healthy individuals. Only patients under treatment exhibited significant higher levels of depression compared to survivors in the follow-up phase. In diagnostic and treatment phase patients reported a poorer perception of overall and physical QoL compared to survivors and healthy controls. The impact on QoL, in general, seems more marked in the treatment phase given the worse levels of functioning in several domains of life, and the higher experience of physical symptoms, mainly compared with the follow-up phase. Free-disease survivors showed a QoL comparable to that of healthy individuals, in its different dimensions.

Conclusions

The number of patients with significant levels of emotional distress (between 25% and 29.6% for anxiety, and 8.3% and 23.6% for depression), and the impact of bone and soft tissue cancer on QoL, mainly in diagnostic phase and during treatments, call to the need of implementing multidisciplinary interventions in patients with this specific cancer diagnose. These interventions should include a psychosocial component and be adapted to each phase of the disease trajectory.

Keywords:
Sarcomas
Emotional adjustment
Quality of life
Disease trajectory
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