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Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial
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Vol. 49. Issue 1.
Pages 39-45 (January - March 2008)
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Vol. 49. Issue 1.
Pages 39-45 (January - March 2008)
Revisão
Open Access
Tabaco e Doenças Periodontais
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Ana Sofia Vinhas*, José Júlio Pacheco**
* Médica Dentista, Docente da disciplina de Clínica Cirúrgica e Periodontal III do curso de Medicina Dentária do ISCS-N, aluna do 2° ano do curso de Mestrado em Periodontologia do ISCS-N
** Professor associado do ISCS-N, Coordenador do curso de Mestrado em Periodontologia, Chefe de Serviço de Medicina e Cirurgia Oral do Departamento de Ciências Dentárias do ISCS-N
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Resumo

A doença periodontal é uma patologia multifactorial apresentando o biofilme bacteriano como factor etiológico primário. No entanto, a manifestação e a progressão da periodontite são influenciadas por diversas condições, incluindo características do indivíduo, factores sociais e comportamentais, factores sistémicos, perfil genético, anatomia dentária, composição microbiológica do biofilme dentário e outros possíveis factores de risco descritos recentemente.

Relativamente aos factores relacionados com a doença periodontal destaca-se o consumo de cigarros, uma vez que existe um grande número de fumadores em todo o mundo e, de acordo com as estimativas da Organização Mundial de Saúde, este número tende a crescer, nomeadamente nos países em desenvolvimento. Além disso, diversos estudos têm considerado o tabagismo como factor de risco para a doença periodontal, influenciando a sua prevalência, progressão, severidade e tratamento. Portanto, o objectivo deste trabalho é fazer uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as evidências mais recentes que abordam a influência do consumo de cigarros sobre a condição periodontal.

Palavras-Chave:
Factor de Risco
Fumo de cigarro
Periodontite
Abstract

The periodontal disease is a multifactorial pathology presenting bacterial biofilme as primary etiologic factor. However, the manifestation and the progression of the periodontitis is influenced by diverse conditions, including characteristic of the individual, social factors, systemic factors, genetic profile, dental anatomy, microbiological composition of the biofilme and other possible risk factors recently described.

Concerning the factors related with the periodontal disease the cigarette smoking is distinguished, in a time that exists a great number of smokers in the whole world and, in accordance with the estimates of the World Organization of Health, this number tends to grow, specially in the developing countries. Moreover, diverse studies have considered the cigarette smoking as a risk factor for the periodontal disease, influencing its prevalence, progression, severity and treatment. Therefore, the objective of this work is to make a bibliographical revision on the recent evidences that approach the influence of the cigarette consumption on the periodontal condition.

Key-words:
Risk-factor
Cigarette smoking
Periodontitis
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Bibliografia
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(Vinhas AS, Pacheco JJ. Tabaco e Doenças Periodontais. Rev Port Estomatol Cir Maxilofac 2008;49:39–45)

Copyright © 2008. Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária
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