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Original Article
The efficacy of 18F-FDG PET/CT in monitoring disease progression in malignant pleural mesothelioma
La eficacia de 18F-FDG PET/CT en el seguimiento de la progresión de la enfermedad en el mesotelioma pleural maligno
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Yasemin Söylera,
Corresponding author
dryaseminsoyler@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Özlem Özmenb, Pınar Akın Kabalaka, Hakan Ertürkc, Feza Uğurmana, Ülkü Yılmaza
a Department of Chest Diseases, Ankara Kecioren Sanatorium Ataturk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
b Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ankara Kecioren Sanatorium Ataturk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
c Department of Radiology, Ankara Kecioren Sanatorium Ataturk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Abstract
Objective

In the event of suspicion of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) progression, imaging plays an important role. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 18F-FDG PET/CT in monitoring disease progression by comparing it with CT, and estimate median overall survival (OS) according to progression status with CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Materials and Methods

This was an observational, retrospective, single-institution study with MPM patients who had both 18F-FDG PET/CT and CT for monitoring disease progression from March 2009 to February 2020. Clinical features, radiological findings, and progression status according to CT [radiologic progression negative (RPN), radiologic progression positive (RPP)] and 18F-FDG PET/CT [metabolic progression negative (MPN), metabolic progression positive (MPP)] were recorded. The discrepancies and concordance between two methods were evaluated. The OS was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results

A total of 56 patients were included. There were thirty-one (55.3%) RPN and 25 (44.7%) RPP, while there were 26 (46.5%) MPN and 30 (53.5%) MPP. All RPP patients were also found to be MPP, however, among RPN, 5 patients (8.9% of all patients) were evaluated as MPP. The concordance between two methods in monitoring disease progression was very good (K = 0.423; p < 0.01). The OS was 26 ± 2.6 months in all patients. Kaplan-Meier curves between RPN and RPP, and between MPN and MPP did not show statistically significant differences (p = 0.56 and p = 0.25, respectively).

Conclusions

Both methods are equally acceptable in monitoring disease progression in MPM, even though 18F-FDG PET/CT detected more progression than CT did.

Keywords:
Computed tomography
Follow-up strategies
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)
Tumour SUVmax 18F-FDG PET/CT
Resumen
Objetivo

En caso de sospecha de progresión del mesotelioma pleural maligno (MPM), la imagen juega un papel importante. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar la eficacia de la PET/TC con 18F-FDG en el seguimiento de la progresión de la enfermedad, comparándola con la TC, y estimar la mediana de supervivencia global (SG) según el estado de progresión con la TC y la PET/TC con 18F-FDG.

Materiales y métodos

Se trata de un estudio observacional, retrospectivo y monocéntrico con pacientes con MPM a los que se les realizó tanto PET/CT con 18F-FDG como TC para controlar la progresión de la enfermedad desde marzo de 2009 hasta febrero de 2020. Se registraron las características clínicas, los hallazgos radiológicos y el estado de progresión según la TC [progresión radiológica negativa (PRN), progresión radiológica positiva (PRP)] y la PET/TC con 18F-FDG [progresión metabólica negativa (PMN), progresión metabólica positiva (PMP)]. Se evaluaron las discrepancias y la concordancia entre ambos métodos. La SG se estimó mediante el método de Kaplan–Meier.

Resultados

Se incluyeron un total de 56 pacientes. Había 31 (55,3%) PRN y 25 (44.7%) PRP, mientras que había 26 (46.5%) PMN y 30 (53.5%) PMP. Todos los pacientes con PRP también resultaron ser PMP, sin embargo, entre los PRN, 5 pacientes (8.9% de todos los pacientes) fueron evaluados como PMP. La concordancia entre los dos métodos en el seguimiento de la progresión de la enfermedad fue muy buena (K = 0.423; p < 0.01). La SG fue de 26 ± 2.6 meses en todos los pacientes. Las curvas de Kaplan-Meier entre PRN y PRP, y entre PMN y PMP no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p = 0.56 y p = 0.25, respectivamente).

Conclusiones

Ambos métodos son igualmente aceptables en el seguimiento de la progresión de la enfermedad en el MPM, aunque la PET/TC con 18F-FDG detectó más progresión que la TC.

Palabras clave:
Estrategias de seguimiento
Mesotelioma pleural maligno (MPM)
SUVmáx tumoral
PET/TC con18F-FDG
Tomografía computarizada

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