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Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition) Treatment of lung neuroendocrine tumors with 177Lu-DOTATATE: Experience from a T...
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Original Article
Available online 2 April 2026

Treatment of lung neuroendocrine tumors with 177Lu-DOTATATE: Experience from a Tertiary Oncology Center

Tratamiento de los tumores neuroendocrinos pulmonares con [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTATATE: experiencia de un centro oncológico terciario
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S.G. dos Santosa,1,
Corresponding author
i2542@ipoporto.min-saude.pt

Corresponding author.
, A.M. Fernandesc,1, G. Ferreirad,e, A.P. Santosa,b, I.L. Sampaiod
a Endocrinology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
b Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), Portugal
c Endocrinology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
d Nuclear Medicine Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
e Nuclear Medicine Department, Burjeel Cancer Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Abstract
Purpose

Evidence from randomized control trials supporting peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with [177Lu]Lu DOTATATE in patients with lung neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is limited. Real world data is needed.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with metastatic or unresectable lung carcinoid tumors treated with [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE at a single Tertiary Oncology Center. Radiographic response (objective response rate – ORR; disease control rate - DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and treatment toxicity (CTCAE v4) were assessed. Exploratory univariate Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate predictors of PFS and OS.

Results

Twenty-two patients were included. The ORR was 31.8%, with DCR of 63.6%. Median PFS was 19 months (95% CI, 10–28), and median OS was 46 months (95% CI, 38–53). No grade 3/4 toxicities were observed. Symptom improvement was reported in 35.7% of symptomatic patients. Prior treatment with somatostatin analogues was significantly associated with longer PFS (HR 0.18, 95% CI, 0.05–0.62, p = 0.007), while respiratory symptoms were associated with shorter PFS (HR 5.01, 95% CI, 1.44–17.87, p = 0.012).

Conclusions

PRRT with [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE appears to be safe and effective for patients with advanced lung carcinoids. These findings support PRRT as a valuable treatment option in selected patients, while highlighting the urgent need for prospective trials to establish its role in lung NETs.

Keywords:
Lung neuroendocrine tumors
Typical carcinoid tumor
Atypical carcinoid tumor
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy
[177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE
Resumen
Objetivo

La evidencia procedente de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que respalda la terapia con radionúclidos dirigida a receptores peptídicos (PRRT) con [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE en tumores neuroendocrinos (TNE) pulmonares es limitada. Se necesitan datos de práctica clínica real.

Métodos

Realizamos un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo en pacientes con tumores carcinoides pulmonares metastásicos o irresecables tratados con [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE en un único centro oncológico terciario. Se evaluaron la respuesta radiológica (tasa de respuesta objetiva – ORR; tasa de control de la enfermedad – DCR), la supervivencia libre de progresión (SLP), la supervivencia global (SG) y la toxicidad relacionada con el tratamiento (CTCAE v4). Se efectuaron análisis de regresión de Cox univariantes exploratorios para identificar predictores de SLP y SG.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 22 pacientes. La ORR fue del 31,8% y la DCR del 63,6%. La mediana de SLP fue de 19 meses (IC 95%, 10–28) y la mediana de SG de 46 meses (IC 95%, 38–53). No se observaron toxicidades de grado 3/4. El 35,7% de los pacientes sintomáticos refirió mejoría clínica. El tratamiento previo con análogos de la somatostatina se asoció significativamente con una SLP más prolongada (HR 0,18; IC 95%, 0,05–0,62; p = 0,007), mientras que la presencia de síntomas respiratorios se asoció con una SLP más corta (HR 5,01; IC 95%, 1,44–17,87; p = 0,012).

Conclusiones

La PRRT con [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE parece segura y eficaz en pacientes con carcinoides pulmonares avanzados. Estos resultados respaldan su uso en pacientes seleccionados y subrayan la necesidad urgente de ensayos prospectivos para definir su papel en los TNE pulmonares.

Palabras clave:
Tumores neuroendocrinos pulmonares
Tumor carcinoide típico
Tumor carcinoide atípico
Terapia con radionúclidos dirigida a receptores peptídicos
[177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE

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