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Vol. 37. Issue 3.
Pages 141-145 (January 2002)
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Vol. 37. Issue 3.
Pages 141-145 (January 2002)
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Morbimortalidad y factores asociados a abscesos hepáticos piógenos en pacientes mayores de 60 años
Morbimortality and associated factors associated to pyogenic liver abscesses in patients over 60 years
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J.A. Álvarez Pérez
,
Corresponding author
josealvar@telecable.es

Correspondencia: Avenida de Galicia, 46-3° A. 33005 Oviedo.
, R.F. Baldonedo Cernuda*, J.J. González González**, I. García Bear*, L. Hernández Luyando***, F. García Arias****, P. Álvarez Martínez****, J.I. Jorge Barreiro****
* Servicio de Cirugía General. Hospital San Agustín. Avilés
** Servicio de Cirugía General B. Hospital Central Universitario. Universidad de Oviedo
*** Servicio de Radiología. Hospital Central Universitario. Universidad de Oviedo
**** Servicio de Radiología. Hospital San Agustín. Avilés
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Resumen
Introducción

El objetivo fue estudiar el curso evolutivo de los pacientes de edad avanzada con abscesos hepáticos piógenos, analizando la morbimortalidad y los factores asociados.

Pacientes y métodos

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo y multicéntrico de 78 pacientes mayores de 60 años con abscesos hepáticos piógenos. La etiopatogenia biliar fue predominante (48,7%). La mayoría de los abscesos fueron únicos (66,7%) y de localización preferente en el lóbulo hepático derecho (65,5%). El tratamiento realizado fue antibioterapia en 14 casos (17,9%), drenaje percutáneo en 37 (47,4%) y drenaje quirúrgico en 27 (34,7%). La evolución clínica fue estudiada mediante el análisis de las complicaciones y de la mortalidad, además, se realizó un análisis bivariante para discriminar variables asociadas con la mortalidad.

Resultados

23 pacientes (29,5%) tuvieron complicaciones y 11 (14,1%) fallecieron por causas relacionadas con el absceso. Hubo complicaciones abdominales en 20 enfermos (25,6%), destacando la sepsis absceso-relacionada y la recidiva del absceso. Entre las complicaciones sistémicas, 21 casos (26,9%), sobresalieron las neumológicas. De las variables estudiadas, la existencia de distrés respiratorio (p= 0,03), un APACHE II alto (p= 0,04) y la presencia de gas en el absceso (p< 0,0001) se asociaron a mayor mortalidad.

Conclusiones

Los pacientes de edad avanzada con abscesos hepáticos piógenos sufren una elevada morbilidad y una nada despreciable mortalidad. La existencia de distrés respiratorio, gas en el absceso y signos de fallo orgánico se asociaron a la posibilidad de muerte.

Palabras clave:
Absceso hepático piógeno
Población anciana
Morbilidad
Mortalidad
Factores asociados
Summary
Introduction

It was aimed to study the outcome of older patients with pyogenic liver abscesses, analyzing the morbimortality and associated factors.

Material and methods

A retrospective and multicenter study of 78 patients over 60 years with pyogenic liver abscesses was performed. Biliary pathogenesis was predominant (48.7%). Most of the abscesses were solitary (66.7%) and mainly located in the right hepatic lobe (65.5%). Antibiotic treatment was performed in 14 cases (17.9%), percutaneous drainage in 37 (47.4%) and surgical drainage in 27 (34.7%). The clinical outcome was studied by the analysis of the complications and mortality. Moreover, an bivariate analysis was performed to identify the variables associated to mortality.

Results

A total of 23 patients (29.5%) developed complications and 11 (14.1%) died due to abscess-related causes. There were abdominal complications in 20 patients (25.6%), with emphasis on abscessrelated sepsis and recurrent abscess. Respiratory problems occurred more often among the 21 cases (26.9%) with systemic complications. Of the variables studied, the existence of respiratory distress (p= 0.03), a high APACHE II (p= 0.04) and the presence of gas in the abscess (p< 0.001) were associated with greater mortality.

Conclusion

High mortality and a relevant mortality were observed in older patients with pyogenic liver abscesses. The existence of respiratory distress, gas in the abscess and organic failure signs were associated with mortality.

Key words:
Pyogenic liver abscess
Elderly people
Morbidity
Mortality
Associated factors
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Copyright © 2002. Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología
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