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Vol. 52. Issue 6.
Pages 353-358 (November - December 2008)
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Vol. 52. Issue 6.
Pages 353-358 (November - December 2008)
Original paper
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Relationship between clinical probability of carpal tunnel syndrome and neurophysiological studies
Relación entre probabilidad clínica de síndrome del túnel del carpo y estudios neurofisiológicos
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J.L. González-Roiga,
Corresponding author
roig@infomed.sld.cu

Corresponding author: Departamento de Neurofisiología Clínica. Centro Nacional de Rehabilitación Julio Díaz. Ciudad de La Habana. Cuba.
, L. Cubero-Regoa, C. Santos-Anzorandiab
a Department of Clinical Neurophysiology. Julio Díaz Rehabilitation Center. Havana. Cuba
b Department of Applied Physiology. Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital. Havana. Cuba
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Abstract
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Purpose

To determine the sensitivity and specificity of a series of clinical features and risk factors in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and suggest a diagnostic measure to clinically estimate probability of disease.

Materials and methods

A prospective, cross-sectional study was performed of 100 patients consecutively referred to us for a neurophysiological evaluation of CTS. Patients were chronologically divided into two groups of 50 cases each (93 and 90 symptomatic hands respectively). Evaluation procedures included a clinical interview and physical examination to test for the classic signs of CTS, as well as comparative sensory peripheral median nerve conduction studies. The combined sensory index (CSI) was also determined and used as a reference tool to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of clinical features in the first group of patients and in the control group.

Results

Female gender, bilateral involvement and persistence of symptoms for 6 months or more were identified as risk factors. The pattern of critical clinical features associated with electrophysiological damage included numbness, nocturnal paresthesia and pain, symptoms in areas innervated by the median nerve, muscular weakness, positive Phalen maneuver or a positive Tinel's sign. On the basis of these results, we suggest a clinical model for estimating clinical probability prior to the electrophysiological test (PAT). A linear regression analysis found a significant association between PAT and CSI in the second group of patients (F[1.148] = 49.7; p < 0.000).

Conclusion

PAT can be considered useful as diagnostic measure of the clinical features of CTS.

Key words:
carpal tunnel syndrome
diagnosis
electrophysiology
neural conduction
signs
symptoms
Objetivos

Determinar la sensibilidad y la especificidad de los rasgos clínicos y los factores sociodemográficos en el síndrome del túnel carpiano (STC) y proponer una medida para estimar la probabilidad clínica de presentar la enfermedad.

Material y método

Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, descriptivo y transversal de 100 pacientes referidos para evaluación neurofisiológica de STC, divididos cronológicamente en dos grupos de 50 casos (93 y 90 manos sintomáticas, respectivamente). También fueron estudiados 30 sujetos sanos (60 manos asintomáticas). A todos se les realizó interrogatorio y examen físico, orientados al diagnóstico de STC, y estudios de conducción nerviosa periférica comparativos del nervio mediano; se determinó el índice sensorial combinado (ISC), el cual se utilizó como criterio de referencia para conocer la eficacia diagnóstica de los rasgos clínicos en el primer grupo de pacientes y en el grupo control.

Resultados

Se identificaron como factores sociodemográficos significativos: sexo femenino, tiempo de evolución de 6 meses o superior y afectación bilateral. Los rasgos clínicos de adormecimiento, dolor, parestesias nocturnas, localización de éstos en el territorio del nervio mediano, debilidad muscular, maniobra de Phalen o signo de Tinel positivos estuvieron significativamente asociados con alteraciones neurofisiológicas. A partir de estos resultados se propone la estimación de la probabilidad clínica anterior a la prueba diagnóstica (PAP). Un análisis de regresión lineal, efectuado en el segundo grupo de pacientes, mostró una asociación significativa entre PAP e ISC (F[1,148] = 49,7; p < 0,000).

Conclusiones

La PAP puede considerarse de utilidad como medida resumen de la presencia de rasgos clínicos significativos en el STC.

Palabras clave:
síndrome del túnel del carpo
diagnóstico
electrofisiología
conducción nerviosa
signos
síntomas
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Copyright © 2008. Sociedad Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología (SECOT). All rights reserved
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