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Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (English Edition) Risk of chronic post-surgical pain using the GENDOLCAT preoperative risk predict...
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Vol. 73. Issue 7.
(August - September 2026)
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Vol. 73. Issue 7.
(August - September 2026)
Original article

Risk of chronic post-surgical pain using the GENDOLCAT preoperative risk prediction model: Implementation in a university hospital

Riesgo de dolor crónico posquirúrgico según el modelo predictivo preoperatorio GENDOLCAT: aplicación en un hospital universitario
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C. Morales Viveros, O. Comps Vicente, L. Moltó García, J.R. Castaño Asins, L. Aguilera Cuchillo, A. Montes Pérez
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amontes@hmar.cat

Corresponding author.
Unidad del Dolor, Departamento de Anestesiología, Hospital del Mar, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) affects 17% of patients undergoing surgery, and identifying those at risk is essential. In this analysis, we used the GENDOLCAT scale to evaluate the risk of CPSP (rCPSP) in patients scheduled for surgery and characterise those with rDCPQ ≥ 30%.

Material and method

We included patients scheduled for surgery in whom the rCPSP was calculated during the preoperative assessment using the GENDOLCAT scale, which includes the following variables: age, type of surgery, preoperative pain at the surgical site, preoperative pain in other areas of the body, and the physical and mental dimensions of the SF-12.

Results

We calculated the rCPSP of 589 patients who were divided into 4 groups according to the aggressiveness of their surgery. Four risk groups were defined: ≤10%; >10%–20%; >20%–30%; and ≥30%; the latter being high risk. A total of 22.8% (n = 134) had an rDCPQ ≥ 30%; the mean age was 48.9 ± 12.9; preoperative pain at the surgical site was 4.8 ± 3.5 (VNS) and 5.3 ± 2.9 (VNS) beyond the surgical site; the SF-12 physical and mental dimension scores were 34.7 ± 10.6 and 41.6 ± 12.4, respectively. Of this group, 34% (n = 46) underwent minimally aggressive procedures.

Conclusions

A high proportion of patients scheduled for surgery have a high risk of DCPQ, although many undergo minimally aggressive procedures. This shows the importance of using a systematic method to determine the risk of DCPQ in all surgical patients.

Keywords:
Chronic postsurgical pain
Risk prediction model
GENDOLCAT
Prevention
Resumen
Introducción

El dolor crónico postquirúrgico (DCPQ) afecta al 17% de los pacientes intervenidos, siendo fundamental la detección de los pacientes de riesgo. El objetivo del siguiente análisis es evaluar el riesgo de DCPQ (rDCPQ) en pacientes programados para cirugía mediante la escala GENDOLCAT y caracterizar a los que tuvieron un rDCPQ ≥30%.

Material y métodos

Se incluyeron pacientes programados para cirugía, en quienes se calculó durante la evaluación preanestésica el rDCPQ mediante la escala GENDOLCAT, constituída por las variables: edad, tipo de cirugía, dolor preoperatorio en el sitio quirúrgico, dolor preoperatorio en otras áreas del cuerpo, y los componentes físico y mental del cuestionario SF-12.

Resultados

Analizamos 589 pacientes, clasificados en 4 niveles de acuerdo al nivel de agresividad quirúrgica, calculando su rDCPQ. Se definieron 4 grupos en función del riesgo: ≤10%, >10-20%, >20-30 y ≥30%, siendo este último considerado de alto riesgo. Un 22,8% (n = 134) presentaron un rDCPQ ≥30%, su media de edad fue 48,9 ± 12,9, el dolor previo en el sitio quirúrgico de 4,8 ± 3,5 (EVN) y fuera del sitio quirúrgico de 5,3 ± 2,9 (EVN) y los valores de los componentes físico y mental del SF-12 de 34,7 ± 10,6 y 41,6 ± 12,4. El 34% (n = 46) de este grupo de pacientes corresponde a cirugías de mínima agresividad quirúrgica.

Conclusiones

Un elevado porcentaje de pacientes programados para cirugía presentan un alto riesgo de DCPQ, mucho de los cuales pertenecen a cirugías consideradas de baja agresividad. Esto justifica la importancia de utilizar de forma sistemática un método para determinar el riesgo DCPQ en todos los pacientes quirúrgicos.

Palabras clave:
Dolor crónico postquirúrgico
Modelo predictivo
GENDOLCAT
Prevención

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