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Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (English Edition) Management of preoperative anaemia in colorectal cancer and analysis of perioper...
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Vol. 73. Issue 7.
(August - September 2026)
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Vol. 73. Issue 7.
(August - September 2026)
Original article

Management of preoperative anaemia in colorectal cancer and analysis of perioperative Patient Blood Management programs

Manejo de la anemia preoperatoria en cáncer colorrectal y análisis de las estrategias perioperatorias Patient Blood Managment
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A. Bernardo Cháveza, N. Bakhshaliyevab,
Corresponding author
nazrinbakhshaliyeva@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, A. Planas Rocac, E. Alday Muñozc
a Estudiante de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
b Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
c Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction and endpoints

Preoperative anaemia is a common finding in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and is significantly associated with morbidity and mortality. Patient Blood Management Programs (PBM), have been developed to improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Outpatient Blood Management Program (OBMP) in a tertiary hospital in Spain. The primary endpoint was to determine the percentage of patients who recover from anaemia after treatment at the OBMP. Additionally, correlations between preoperative anaemia, administered treatments, and surgical waiting times were analyzed.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted including 537 patients who underwent surgical intervention for CRC. Demographic data, haemoglobin values at three time points (inclusion on the surgical waiting list, preoperative, and postoperative), as well as the time intervals between inclusion on the waiting list and the performance of surgery, were collected.

Results

The prevalence of anaemia was 43.3% at the time of inclusion on the surgical waiting list. Of the total anaemic patients, 42% received specific treatment. Treatment at the OBMP was associated with a higher recovery rate (37%) and a more significant increase in haemoglobin (1.35 g/dl IC95% (0.7−2.1) vs 0.4 IC95% (0–1.6) g/dl )). Preoperative anaemia was associated with longer surgical waiting times, higher incidence of transfusions, higher prevalence of postoperative anaemia, and prolonged hospital stays.

Conclusion

The OBMP offers an opportunity to improve the management of anaemia in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC); however, it requires interdisciplinary coordination to minimize its impact on surgical waiting times.

Keywords:
Preoperative anaemia
Patient Blood Management
Colorectal cancer
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

La anemia preoperatoria es un hallazgo frecuente en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal (CCR) y se asocia significativamente con un incremento de morbimortalidad. Los programas de Ahorro de Sangre o Patient Blood Management (PBM), han sido desarrollados para mejorar los resultado clínicos. En el presente estudio se pretende evaluar la eficacia de la Consulta de Ahorro de Sangre (CAS) en un hospital terciario en España. El objetivo principal fue determinar el porcentaje de pacientes que logran recuperarse de la anemia tras ser atendidos en la CAS. Adicionalmente, se analizó la correlacion entre la anemia preoperatoria, el tratamiento administrado y el tiempo de espera quirúrgico.

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluyó a 537 pacientes sometidos a una intervención quirúrgica por CCR. Se recogieron datos demográficos, valores de hemoglobina en tres momentos (inclusión en lista de espera quirúrgica (LEQ), preoperatorio y postoperatorio), así como los tiempos entre la inclusión en LEQ y la realización de la cirugía.

Resultados

La prevalencia de anemia fue del 43,3% en el momento de inclusión en LEQ. Del total de pacientes anémicos, el 42% recibió tratamiento específico. La atención en la CAS se asoció con una tasa de recuperación superior (37% vs 11.6%) y un incremento mayor de hemoglobina (1,35 g/dl IC95% (0,7-2,1) vs 0,4 IC95% (0-1,6) g/dl ) respecto a los tratados en consulta general. La anemia preoperatoria se asoció con mayor tiempo de espera prequirúrgico, mayor incidencia de transfusiones, mayor prevalencia de anemia postoperatoria y estancias hospitalarias más prolongadas.

Conclusión

La CAS ofrece una oportunidad de mejora en el tratamiento de la anemia en pacientes candidatos a cirugía por CCR, si bien, requiere una coordinación interdisciplinar para minimizar el impacto sobre el tiempo de espera quirúrgico.

Palabras clave:
Anemia preoperatoria
Patient Blood Management
Cáncer colorrectal

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