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Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación (English Edition) External oblique intercostal plane block in open hepatobiliary surgery: A case s...
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Brief Report

External oblique intercostal plane block in open hepatobiliary surgery: A case series

Bloqueo del plano oblicuo externo intercostal en cirugía hepatobiliar abierta: una serie de casos
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C. Garicano Goldaraz
Corresponding author
carmengaricano@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, L. Gómez de la Lastra, M. Amelburu Egoscozábal, C. Yarnoz, G. Oliver Juan, N. González Jorrín, A. Abad-Motos
Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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Abstract
Background and objective

Analgesic management in subcostal laparotomy is a challenge, and has a direct impact on recovery and outcomes. The external oblique intercostal (EOI) block anaesthetises the anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the ventral rami of the intercostal nerves, and both the puncture site and the local anaesthetic target are located outside the surgical field, blocking the anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the ventral rami of the intercostal nerves.

Materials and methods

Observational, retrospective, single-centre study. Patients scheduled for open hepatobiliary surgery under general anaesthesia and intrathecal morphine were included. EOI block was performed before the incision as part of a multimodal analgesia strategy. After anaesthesia induction, with the patient supine, a 12−15 MHz linear transducer was placed over the sixth rib and an 80 mm needle was used to administer 20 ml of 0.25 % levobupivacaine on each side in the case of bilateral incisions or on one side in the case of unilateral incisions.

Results

Fifteen patients scheduled for open hepatectomy, pancreaticoduodenectomy, and open cholecystectomy were included. Pain rated on the visual numerical scale was 0 (0−0) out of a possible 5 (0–5) points on postoperative day 1. Twelve patients (80%) were able to move to a chair on postoperative day 1. Six (40%) required rescue morphine in the first 24 postoperative hours. The average dose administered was 1.4 mg (±2).

Conclusions

Single-shot EOI block is an effective, safe, and easily reproducible technique in a multimodal analgesic approach to major abdominal surgery.

Keywords:
Interfascial block
Ultrasound
Multimodal analgesia
Hepatobiliary surgery
Major abdominal surgery
Resumen
Antecedentes y objetivo

El manejo analgésico de la laparotomía subcostal es un reto, con un impacto directo en la recuperación y resultados. El bloqueo oblicuo externo intercostal (OEI) permite realizar la punción y colocar el anestésico fuera del campo quirúrgico, bloqueando las ramas cutáneas anteriores y laterales de los ramos ventrales de los nervios intercostales.

Materiales y métodos

Estudio observacional retrospectivo unicéntrico. Se incluyeron pacientes programados a cirugía hepatobiliar abierta bajo anestesia general y morfina intratecal, realizando el bloqueo OEI antes de la incisión como estrategia de analgesia multimodal. Tras la inducción anestésica y con el paciente en decúbito supino, usando un transductor lineal de 12–15 MHz se realizó el bloqueo OEI a nivel de la sexta costilla con una aguja de 80 mm. Se administraron 20 ml de levobupivacaína 0,25% en cada lado en el caso de incisiones bilaterales o en un lado en caso de incisión unilateral.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 15 pacientes programados para hepatectomía o duodenopancreatectomía abiertas y una colecistectomía abierta. La puntuación de escala visual numérica mínima en el 1º día postoperatorio fue de 0 [0–0] y de 5 [0–5] como máximo. Doce pacientes (80%) se movilizaron al sillón el 1º día postoperatorio. Seis pacientes (40%) requirieron rescates de morfina en las primera 24 h postoperatorias. La dosis media administrada fue de 1.4 mg (±2).

Conclusiones

El bloqueo OEI con dosis única representa una técnica eficaz, segura y fácilmente reproducible para el abordaje analgésico multimodal de cirugía abdominal mayor.

Palabras clave:
Bloqueo interfascial
Ecografía
Analgesia multimodal
Cirugía hepatobiliar
Cirugía abdominal mayor

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