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Inicio Revista Colombiana de Reumatología (English Edition) Pregnancy outcomes in patients with Takayasu’s arteritis: Case series
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Case report
Pregnancy outcomes in patients with Takayasu’s arteritis: Case series
Desenlaces obstétricos en pacientes con arteritis de Takayasu: serie de casos
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Isabel Velásquez Giraldoa, Fabio Andrés Torres Saavedrab, Carlos Horacio Muñoz Vahosb,c,d, Daniel Jaramillo Arroyaveb,c,d,e, Johanna Hernández Zapatab,f, Gloria Vásquezb, Luis Alonso González Naranjob, Adriana Lucía Vanegas Garcíab,c,
Corresponding author
adrianavanegas@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
b Group of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
c Rheumatology Service, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Foundation, Medellín, Colombia
d Rheumatology service, University IPS, Health Services, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
e Epidemiology and Biostatistics Group, Faculty of Medicine, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
f Rheumatology service, University Clinic, Pontificia Bolivariana University, Medellín, Colombia
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Received 09 January 2020. Accepted 13 April 2020
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Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients.
Table 2. Hata-Numano classification of the extent of the disease.
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Abstract
Objective

The activity and risk of relapse of Takayasu’s arteritis are low during pregnancy. Up to 40% of patients may have unfavorable obstetric outcomes, therefore it is important to know their clinical behavior. We describe the clinical characteristics and obstetric outcome of pregnant women with Takayasu arteritis treated in a hospital of high complexity.

Materials and methods

A retrospective evaluation of medical records of pregnant patients with Takayasu’s arteritis treated at Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación in Medellin, Colombia between 2011 and 2018.

Results

Six patients with a median age at diagnosis 17.5 years (IQR 9.25), at delivery 24 years (IQR 8.25), disease duration 5.5 years (IQR 10.5). Three patients had extensive aortic involvement; at delivery, three patients were active and required immunosuppressants, five had high blood pressure, one developed preeclampsia in the second trimester, one had severe mitral and tricuspid insufficiency with a decreased ejection fraction of the left ventricle; two had aneurysms (left subclavian artery and ascending aorta). No pregnancy resulted in abortion or preterm birth; there were two fetal deaths, one due to intrauterine growth restriction and placental insufficiency and another of unknown etiology; both patients with disease activity, extensive aortic condition, and arterial hypertension. Five deliveries were by cesarean section by maternal indication; there was no aortic dissection, aneurysmal rupture or cerebral hemorrhage.

Conclusion

Patients with active disease and extensive aortic compromise presented unfavorable obstetric results, suggesting that inadequate control of vasculitis leads to greater maternal-fetal complications.

Keywords:
Takayasu’s arteritis
Pregnancy
Fetal death
Preeclampsia
Resumen
Objetivo

la actividad y riesgo de recaída de la arteritis de Takayasu son bajos durante la gestación. Hasta el 40% de pacientes puede tener desenlaces obstétricos desfavorables por lo que es importante conocer su comportamiento clínico. Describimos las características clínicas y el desenlace obstétrico de gestantes con arteritis de Takayasu atendidas en un hospital de alta complejidad.

Materiales y métodos

evaluación retrospectiva de historias clínicas de gestantes con arteritis de Takayasu atendidas en el Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación de Medellín, Colombia, entre 2011 y 2018.

Resultados

seis pacientes con mediana de edad al diagnóstico 17,5 años (RI 9,25), al parto 24 años (RI 8,25), duración de la enfermedad 5,5 años (RI 10,5). Tres pacientes tenían compromiso aórtico extenso; al parto, tres pacientes estaban activas y requirieron inmunosupresores, cinco tenían hipertensión arterial, una desarrolló preeclampsia en el segundo trimestre, una tenía insuficiencia mitral y tricuspídea graves con disminución de la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo; dos tenían aneurismas (arteria subclavia izquierda y aorta ascendente). Ningún embarazo resultó en aborto ni parto pretérmino; hubo dos óbitos fetales, uno por restricción del crecimiento intrauterino e insuficiencia placentaria, y otro de etiología desconocida; ambas pacientes con actividad de la enfermedad, afección aórtica extensa e hipertensión arterial. Cinco partos fueron por cesárea por indicación materna; no hubo disección aórtica, ruptura aneurismática o hemorragia cerebral.

Conclusión

las pacientes con enfermedad activa y afección aórtica extensa presentaron resultados obstétricos desfavorables, sugiriendo que el inadecuado control de la vasculitis genera mayores complicaciones materno-fetales.

Palabras clave:
Arteritis de Takayasu
Embarazo
Muerte fetal
Preeclampsia

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