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Behavioural disturbances in patients with diagnosis of neurocognitive disorder in Bogotá (Colombia)
Alteraciones del comportamiento de pacientes con diagnóstico de trastorno neurocognoscitivo en Bogotá (Colombia)
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Claudia Chimbí-Ariasa,b,1, José Manuel Santacruz-Escuderob,c,d,
,1
, Diego Andrés Chavarro-Carvajala,e, Rafael Samper-Ternentf, Hernando Santamaría-Garcíab,d,g
a Unidad de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
b Centro de Memoria y cognición Intellectus, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
c Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
d Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
e Instituto de Envejecimiento, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
f Departamento de Medicina Interna, División de Geriatría, Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Houston, Texas, United States
g Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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Received 07 June 2018. Accepted 16 October 2018
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Table 1. Description of the population (n = 507).
Table 2. Prevalence of behavioural disturbance by aetiology of neurocognitive disorder.
Table 3. Prevalence of most common types of behavioural disturbance by aetiology of neurocognitive disorder.
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Abstract
Introduction

The main aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of behavioural disturbances (BD) in a group of patients with diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders assessed by a memory clinic in a referral assessment centre in Bogotá, Colombia, in 2015.

Material and methods

This is an observational, retrospective descriptive study of 507 patients with a diagnosis of neurocognitive disorder (according to DSM-5 criteria) evaluated in a referral centre in Bogotá, Colombia, in 2015.

Results

Among the group of patients assessed, analyses reveal mean age for minor neurocognitive disorders of 71.04 years, and 75.32 years for major neurocognitive disorder (P < 0.001). A total of 62.72% of the sample were female. The most prevalent aetiology of the neurocognitive disorders was Alzheimer’s disease, followed by behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and neurocognitive disorders due multiple aetiologies. BD occur more frequently in neurocognitive disorder due to behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (100%), Alzheimer’s disease (77.29%) and vascular disease (76.19%). The most prevalent BD in the group assessed were apathy (50.75%), irritability (48.45%), aggression (16.6%), and emotional lability (14.76%).

Conclusions

BD occur more frequently in patients with diagnosis of major neurocognitive disorder. BD are more prevalent in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia than any other group. Apathy, irritability, emotional lability and aggression are the BD that occur with greater prevalence in our sample. We discuss the importance of BD in the clinical progression of neurocognitive disorders.

Keywords:
Dementia
Behavioural symptoms
Neurocognitive disorder
Apathy
Resumen
Introducción

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la frecuencia de alteraciones conductuales (AC) en un grupo de pacientes con diagnóstico de trastorno neurocognoscitivo (TN) valorado por clínica de memoria en un centro de evaluación en Bogotá, Colombia, durante el año 2015.

Material y métodos

Estudio observacional descriptivo y de corte retrospectivo de 507 pacientes con diagnóstico de trastorno neurocognoscitivo (según criterios del DSM-5), valorados en un centro de referencia en Bogotá en 2015.

Resultados

La media de edad de los sujetos con trastorno neurocognoscitivo leve en el momento del diagnóstico era 71,04 años y la de aquellos con trastorno neurocognoscitivo mayor, 75,32 años (p < 0,001). El 62,72% de la muestra son mujeres. La etiología más frecuente del trastorno neurocognoscitivo fue la enfermedad de Alzheimer probable, seguida por la degeneración lobar frontotemporal, variante conductual, y el trastorno neurocognoscitivo debido a múltiples etiologías. Las AC se presentan con mayor frecuencia en TN debido a degeneración frontotemporal variante conductual (100%), enfermedad de Alzheimer (77,29%) y vascular (76,19%). Las AC más prevalentes en el grupo evaluado fueron la apatía (50,75%), la irritabilidad (48,45%), la agresividad (16,6%) y la labilidad emocional (14,76%).

Conclusiones

Las AC suelen aparecer en pacientes con diagnóstico de trastorno neurocognoscitivo mayor. Según la etiología del trastorno neurocognoscitivo mayor, las AC son más prevalentes en la degeneración frontotemporal variante conductual. Apatía, irritabilidad, labilidad emocional y agresividad son las AC más comunes en toda la muestra.

Palabras clave:
Demencia
Síntomas conductuales
Trastorno neurocognoscitivo Apatía

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