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Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría (English Edition) Cerebellar Cognitive-Affective Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature
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Vol. 54. Issue 1.
Pages 174-178 (January - March 2025)
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Vol. 54. Issue 1.
Pages 174-178 (January - March 2025)
Case report
Cerebellar Cognitive-Affective Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Síndrome cerebeloso cognitivo-afectivo: reporte de un caso y revisión de literatura
Olivia Olivé-Arias, Dania Falfán-Salgado, Carlos De la Cruz-de la Cruz, Omar Kawas-Valle
Corresponding author
okawasvalle@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
Psychiatry Service, University Hospital, School of Medicine of Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
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Table 1. Results of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 4th edition (WAIS-IV).
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Abstract
Introduction

The cerebellum has traditionally been found to be the only coordinator of motor functions, however, recent studies have shown that the cerebellum also has a role in cognitive and affective processing. CCAS is characterized by impaired executive functions, visual–spatial disorganization, emotional dysregulation, changes in personality and language deficits. The cognitive and affective symptoms that make up the CCAS have been attributed to disorders of the cerebral hemispheres, specifically in association areas and paralimbic regions.

Case report

A 26-year-old woman is presented, with a history of sexual abuse at the age of 14, a history of psychiatric hospitalizations due to multiple depressive episodes and suicide attempts since the age of 16, who also presents a deficiency in information processing speed and visual–spatial disorganization. CMR is performed showing evidence of cerebellar cortex atrophy.

Discussion/conclusion

Early identification and diagnosis of CCAS is vital for effective therapy and perhaps better outcomes. Faced with a profile with cognitive-affective symptoms, neuropsychological deficits, and language disorders, CCAS should be included in the differential diagnosis, and physicians should intentionally look for cerebellar lesions.

Keywords:
Cerebellum
Cerebellar cognitive-affective syndrome
CCAS
Affection
Executive functions
Resumen
Introducción

Tradicionalmente se ha encontrado que el cerebelo es el único coordinador de las funciones motoras, sin embargo, estudios recientes han demostrado que el cerebelo también tiene un papel en el procesamiento cognitivo y afectivo. El síndrome cognitivo-afectivo cerebeloso (SCAC) se caracteriza por funciones ejecutivas deterioradas, desorganización visoespacial, desregulación emocional, cambios en la personalidad y déficits en el lenguaje. Los síntomas cognitivos y afectivos que componen el SCAC se han atribuido a trastornos de los hemisferios cerebrales, específicamente en áreas de asociación y regiones paralímbicas.

Reporte de caso

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 26 años, con antecedentes de abuso sexual a los 14 años, antecedentes de hospitalizaciones psiquiátricas por múltiples episodios depresivos e intentos de suicidio desde los 16 años, quien, además, presenta deficiencia en la velocidad de procesamiento de la información y desorganización visoespacial. Se realiza RMC, que muestra evidencia de atrofia de la corteza cerebelosa.

Conclusiones/discusión

La identificación y el diagnóstico temprano de SCAC es vital para lograr una terapia efectiva y quizás mejores resultados. Ante un perfil con síntomas cognitivo-afectivos, deficiencias neuropsicológicas y trastornos del lenguaje, el SCAC debe incluirse entre los diagnósticos diferenciales y los médicos deben buscar intencionalmente lesiones cerebelosas.

Palabras clave:
Cerebelo
Síndrome cognitivo-afectivo cerebeloso
SCAC
Afectividad
Funciones ejecutivas

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