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Revista Científica de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Neurológica (English ed.)
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Original article
Neurorehabilitation and its impact on functional status in patients who have suffered a stroke
Neurorrehabilitación y su impacto en el estado funcional en pacientes que han sufrido un ictus
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263
Susana Catarina Sarmento Banrezes Salselasa, Fidel López-Espuelab,
Corresponding author
fidellopez@unex.es

Corresponding author.
, Maria José Almendra Gomesc, Leonel São Romão Pretoc, Sergio Rico-Martinb
a Unidade de AVC, Unidade Local de Saúde do Nordeste EPE, Bragança, Portugal
b Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Cáceres, Spain
c Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Unidade de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde: Enfermagem (UICISA: E), Bragança, Portugal
This item has received
Received 05 November 2019. Accepted 21 January 2020
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population.
Table 2. Evolution of the functional status according to the degree of post stroke rehabilitation.
Table 3. Association between each activity /item of the Barthel index. On admittance, discharge and 8 weeks after stroke.
Table 4. Predictive baseline Factors of functional dependence 8 weeks after stroke (n = 264).
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Abstract

Stroke represents the main cause of functional dependence and in the Portuguese adult population.

Objective

to analyse the impact of rehabilitation on functional state and basic activities of daily life (ABVD), 8 weeks following a stroke, in a population of elderly people in north-western Portugal.

Methodology

Observational, longitudinal and retrospective study. The patients were grouped into 3 groups according to the rehabilitation treatment received: Non-rehabilitation (NR), light rehabilitation (RL) and intense rehabilitation (RI).

Sociodemographic data, clinical variables (on stroke), hospital stay, rehabilitative treatment, and functional status (Barthel Index) were collected.

Results

350 patients, with a mean age of 75.83 (±8.02) years. The hospital stay was longer in the group of RL (19.7 (±8.69)), RI (17.67 (±10.05)) and of those who did not undergo rehabilitation (10.97 (±6.96)), (p = .001).

A significant increase (p < .001) was observed in the Barthel index scores from admission to 8 weeks after the stroke.

Age (p = .003) and hospital stay (p = .013) were shown as risk factors for functional dependence. Similarly, taking as a reference the patients who did not undergo rehabilitation, the subjects who underwent light rehabilitation (OR (95% CI): 6.37 (1.74−23.25), p = .005) and intensive rehabilitation (OR (95% CI): 2.28 (1.08−4.82, p = .030), had a significantly higher risk of presenting functional dependence

Conclusion

undergoing intensive rehabilitation improves functional state and ABVD compared to light rehabilitation, 8 weeks following a stroke in elderly patients.

Keywords:
Elderly
Dependency
Disability
Stroke
Neurorehabilitation
Resumen

El ictus representa la principal causa de dependencia funcional y en la población adulta Portuguesa.

Objetivo

Aanalizar el impacto de la rehabilitación en el estado funcional y en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (ABVD), tras 8 semanas de sufrir un ictus, en una población de ancianos del noroeste de Portugal.

Metodología

Estudio observacional, longitudinal y retrospectivo. Los pacientes fueron agrupados en 3 grupos de acuerdo con el tratamiento rehabilitador recibido: No rehabilitación (NR), rehabilitación ligera (RL) y rehabilitación intensa (RI).

Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, variables clínicas (sobre el ictus), estancia hospitalaria, tratamiento rehabilitador, y estado funcional (Índice Barthel).

Resultados

350 pacientes con edad media de 75,83 (±8,02) años. La estancia hospitalaria fue mayor en el grupo de RL (19,7(±8,69)), RI (17,67(±10,05)) y del que no realizó rehabilitación (10,97(±6,96)), (p = 0,001).

Se observó un aumento significativo (p < 0.001) en las puntuaciones del índice de Barthel desde el ingreso hasta las 8 semanas tras el ictus

La edad (p = 0,003) y la estancia hospitalaria (p = 0,013) se presentaron como factores de riesgo de presentar dependencia funcional. De igual manera, teniendo como referencia a los pacientes que no se sometieron a rehabilitación, aquellos sujetos que realizaron rehabilitación ligera (OR (IC 95%): 6,37 (1,74−23,25), p = 0,005) y rehabilitación intensa (OR (IC 95%): 2,28 (1,08−4,82, p = 0,030), tuvieron un riesgo significativamente mayor de presentar dependencia funcional

Conclusión

la realización de una rehabilitación intensa mejora el estado funcional y las ABVD con respecto a la rehabilitación ligera, a las 8 semanas de sufrir un ictus en pacientes ancianos.

Palabras clave:
Anciano
Dependencia
Discapacidad
Ictus
Neurorrehabilitación

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