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Analysis of cognitive status and its relationship with activities of daily living dependency: A cross-sectional study in stroke patients
Análisis del estado cognitivo y su relación con la dependencia en las actividades de la vida diaria: un estudio transversal en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular
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Víctor Sanchez Silverioa,
Corresponding author
victorss34@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Vanesa Abuín Porrasb, Isabel Rodríguez Costac
a Escuela de Ciencias Aplicadas a la Salud, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
b Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
c Departamento de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Received 01 May 2020. Accepted 11 February 2021
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Abstract
Objective

To analyse cognitive status in relation to activities of daily living (ADL) dependency in stroke patients.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Barthel index were used to assess cognitive status and ADL, respectively. A Pearson and Spearman correlation was used considering the normality of the data in cognitive status.

Results

62 patients were evaluated. The most impaired domains were associated with writing and drawing in the MMSE (mean = 24.9 ± 4.1) and language, visuospatial/executive function, and memory in the MoCA (mean = 18.3 ± 5.6). The ADLs with most dependency on the Barthel index (mean = 78.1 ± 14.0) were eating, dressing/undressing, bathing, and going up and down stairs. On the other hand, the ADL dependency showed a correlation with the MMSE (Rho = 0.3) and the MoCA (r = 0.2). In addition, MMSE was correlated with activities including dressing/undressing (Rho = 0.3) and bathing (Rho = 0.3) and MoCA with transfer from chair to bed (r = 0.2).

Conclusions

The domains with the highest cognitive impairment were related to memory and visuospatial/executive function. The correlations reflect that stroke survivors with greater cognitive impairment show greater ADL dependency.

Keywords:
Stroke
Activities of daily living
Cognition
Barthel index
Mini Mental State Examination
Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Resumen
Objetivo

Analizar el estado cognitivo con relación a la dependencia en las actividades de la vida diaria (AVD) en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular (ACV).

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio transversal. Se utilizó el Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), el Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) y el índice de Barthel para valorar, respectivamente, el estado cognitivo y las AVD. Se utilizó una correlación de Pearson y Spearman, considerando la normalidad de los datos en el estado cognitivo.

Resultados

Se valoraron 62 pacientes. Los dominios de mayor deterioro se asociaron a la escritura y el dibujo en el MMSE (media = 24,9 ± 4,1) y al lenguaje, la función visuoespacial/ejecutiva y la memoria en el MoCA (media = 18,3 ± 5,6). Las AVD de mayor dependencia en el índice de Barthel (media = 78,1 ± 14,0) fueron comer, vestirse/desvestirse, bañarse y subir y bajar escaleras. Por otro lado, la dependencia en las AVD mostró correlación con el MMSE (Rho = 0,3) y el MoCA (r = 0,2). Además, el MMSE estuvo correlacionado con actividades que implican vestirse/desvestirse (Rho = 0,3) y bañarse (Rho = 0,3) y el MoCA con el traslado del sillón a la cama (r = 0,2).

Conclusiones

Los dominios con mayor deterioro cognitivo se relacionaron a la memoria y la función visuoespacial/ejecutiva. Las correlaciones reflejan que los sobrevivientes de ACV con un mayor estado cognitivo deteriorado muestran una mayor dependencia en las AVD.

Palabras clave:
Accidente cerebrovascular
Actividades de la vida diaria
Estado cognitivo
Índice de Barthel
Mini Mental State Examination
Montreal Cognitive Assessment

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