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Radiología (English Edition)

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Radiología (English Edition) Percutaneous treatment of biliary strictures following paediatric liver transpla...
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Vol. 68. Issue 2.
(March - April 2026)
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Vol. 68. Issue 2.
(March - April 2026)
Original articles

Percutaneous treatment of biliary strictures following paediatric liver transplantation: Safety and efficacy of the single-session biliary dilatation protocol

Tratamiento percutáneo de las estenosis biliares tras el trasplante hepático infantil: seguridad y eficacia del protocolo de dilatación biliar “en una sesión”
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M.E. Perez Montillaa,b,c,
Corresponding author
marigenperez.montilla@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, M.S. Lombardo Galeraa,b,c, P.B. García Juradoa,b,c, S. Barranco Acostaa,b,c, J.J. Espejo Herreroa,b,c
a Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
b Unidad de Radiología Intervencionista, Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
c Departamento de Física Aplicada, Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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Abstract
Objective

This work aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous balloon dilatation (BD) carried out in a single session to treat biliary strictures/obstructions after paediatric liver transplantation (LT).

Material and methods

This retrospective single-centre study enrolled 20 paediatric patients (<18 years) with biliary strictures/obstructions following a LT carried out between 2013 and 2023. The treatment consisted of a percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and BD during a single session (no external/internal catheter was left). Data was collected regarding demographics, clinical information, procedural details and any complications. Clinical and radiological follow-ups assessed clinical efficacy and recurrence. All cases of recurrence underwent percutaneous treatment. Recurrence risk factors were evaluated. The primary and secondary patency rates were determined at 6, 12, 24, and 62 months.

Results

17 patients (mean age, 5 years) with anastomotic (13/76.5%) and non-anastomotic (4/23.5%) biliary stricture were treated. Two patients had complications (11.8%). Mean follow-up time was 7.3 years. Clinical success was 82.3% (14/17). In five children (29.4%) the single-session BD resolved the biliary stricture. The stricture recurred in 12 patients (70.6%). The recurrence rate was 69.2% for anastomotic strictures and 75% for non-anastomotic strictures (p = 0.670). Recurrences were treated percutaneously (18 s treatments): BD (13) and biliary stent (5). Surgery was avoided in 94.1% of patients. Primary patency rates at 6, 12, 24, 62 months were 76.5%, 51%, 38.2% and 25.5%, respectively. Secondary patency rates at 6, 12, 24, 62 months were 100%, 100%, 88.9% and 88.9%, respectively.

Conclusions

Single-session percutaneous BD is an effective treatment for biliary stricture/obstruction after paediatric LT, often preventing the need for surgery or retransplantation.

Keywords:
Biliary tract diseases
Liver transplantation
Cholangiography
Interventional radiology
Resumen
Objetivo

El objetivo es evaluar la seguridad y eficacia de la dilatación con balón (DB) percutánea "en una sesión" de las estenosis/obstrucciones biliares tras el trasplante hepático (TH) infantil.

Material y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo, unicéntrico de 20 pacientes <18 años con estenosis/obstrucciones biliares tras el TH entre 2013−2023. El tratamiento consistió en una colangiografía transhepática percutánea y DB en “una sesión” (sin dejar catéter externo-interno). Se recogieron datos demográficos, clínicos, del procedimiento y complicaciones. Seguimiento clínico-radiológico registrando la eficacia clínica y recidiva. Todas las recidivas recibieron tratamiento percutáneo. Se evaluaron los factores de riesgo de recidiva. Se determinaron las tasas de permeabilidad primaria y secundaria a 6, 12, 24 y 62 meses.

Resultados

Se trataron 17 pacientes (edad media 5 años) con estenosis biliar anastomótica (13/76,5%) y no anastomótica (4/23,5%). Dos pacientes tuvieron complicaciones (11,8%). El tiempo medio de seguimiento fue de 7,3 años. El éxito clínico fue del 82,3% (14/17). En 5 niños (29,4%) la BD “en una sesión” resolvió la estenosis biliar. En 12 pacientes (70,6%) hubo una recidiva de la estenosis. La tasa de recidiva fue del 69,2% para las estenosis anastomóticas y del 75% para las no anastomóticas (p = 0,670). Las recidivas se trataron percutáneamente (18 retratamientos): BD (13) y stent biliar (5). Se evitó la cirugía en el 94,1% de los pacientes. Las tasas de permeabilidad primaria y secundaria a 6, 12, 24 y 62 meses fueron 76,5%, 51%, 38,2%, 25,5% y 100%, 100%, 88,9%, 88,9% respectivamente.

Conclusión

La DB percutánea “en una sesión” es un tratamiento eficaz para la estenosis/obstrucción biliar tras el TH infantil, evitando en la mayoría de los casos la cirugía y el retrasplante.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedades del tracto biliar
Trasplante de hígado
Colangiografía
Radiología intervencionista

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