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Radiología (English Edition)

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Radiología (English Edition) Adrenal venous sampling: Indications and technical challenges
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Vol. 68. Issue 4.
(July - August 2026)
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Vol. 68. Issue 4.
(July - August 2026)
Radiology through images

Adrenal venous sampling: Indications and technical challenges

Muestreo venoso suprarrenal. Indicaciones y desafíos técnicos
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R.M. Cortés Lopera
Corresponding author
rocacortes33@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, D. Herrera Carrión, A. Rodríguez Piñero
Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain
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Abstract

Adrenal venous catheterisation is a procedure used in the aetiological diagnosis of primary aldosteronism (PA). Its purpose is to measure aldosterone and cortisol levels in blood samples obtained from both adrenal veins and compare them with peripheral levels, allowing for the identification of potential lateralisation in hormone secretion. Owing to its high sensitivity and specificity, it is a key—though technically demanding—technique that should be performed in specialised centres. Accurate diagnosis leads to better clinical outcomes by avoiding unnecessary surgical interventions.

The aim of this article is to review the anatomy and anatomical variants of the adrenal glands and their venous drainage, with a focus on describing the catheterisation technique. This procedure involves multiple technical challenges that can affect the accurate collection of samples and interpretation of results. These difficulties justify the need for a detailed review to help optimise the procedure and improve its success rate.

Keywords:
Interventional radiology
Catheterisation
Adrenal veins
Primary aldosteronism
Venous sampling
Angiography
Resumen

El cateterismo venoso suprarrenal es un procedimiento empleado en el diagnóstico etiológico del hiperaldosteronismo primario (HP). Su finalidad es medir los niveles de aldosterona y cortisol en sangre obtenida de ambas venas suprarrenales y compararlos con los niveles periféricos, permitiendo identificar una posible lateralización en la secreción hormonal. Su alta sensibilidad y especificidad lo convierten en una herramienta clave, aunque técnicamente exigente, que debe realizarse en centros especializados. Un diagnóstico preciso mejora los resultados clínicos evitando intervenciones quirúrgicas innecesarias.

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión de la anatomía y las variantes de las glándulas suprarrenales y su drenaje venoso, centrándose en la descripción del cateterismo. Este procedimiento conlleva múltiples desafíos técnicos, que pueden influir en la correcta obtención de las muestras e interpretación de los resultados. Estas dificultades justifican la realización de una revisión detallada que ayude a optimizar el procedimiento y mejorar su tasa de éxito.

Palabras clave:
Radiología intervencionista
Cateterismo
Venas suprarrenales
Hiperaldosteronismo primario
Muestreo venoso
Angiografía

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