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Journal Information
Vol. 27. Issue 2.
Pages 61-67 (May - August 2020)
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Vol. 27. Issue 2.
Pages 61-67 (May - August 2020)
Revisión
Tratamiento de las alteraciones de conducta secundarias a trastornos mentales comórbidos en la discapacidad intelectual
Treatment of behavioural symptoms due to comorbid mental disorders in intellectual disability
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María del Carmen Ortega-Bernardoa,
Corresponding author
maica.ortb@gmail.com

Autora para correspondencia.
, Jesús Flórez-Beledob
a Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
b Catedrático de Farmacología, Fundación Iberoamericana Down21, Santander, España
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Resumen

A lo largo de todas las etapas evolutivas, las personas con discapacidad intelectual pueden presentar trastornos psiquiátricos comórbidos, que a menudo son secundarios a sus déficits intelectivos y a las dificultades en sus capacidades adaptativas a los diferentes entornos que forman parte de sus vidas. Estas comorbilidades psiquiátricas cursan en ocasiones con alteraciones de conducta de difícil manejo, tanto con psicoterapia como con tratamientos farmacológicos. La medicación puede ser esencial para el control de alteraciones de conducta y otros síntomas asociados. Actualmente carecemos de guías clínicas específicas, de recomendaciones farmacológicas con la suficiente evidencia científica y de medicamentos con indicaciones expresas para abordar estos síntomas en pacientes con discapacidad intelectual. Este artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo resumir un conjunto de recomendaciones relacionadas con el uso de psicofármacos en este grupo poblacional.

Palabras clave:
Discapacidad intelectual
Alteraciones de conducta
Tratamiento
Comorbilidad
Abstract

Throughout all evolutionary stages, people with intellectual disabilities (ID) may present with comorbid psychiatric disorders, which are often secondary to their intellectual deficits, and to the difficulties they face in their ability to adapt to the different environments that are part of their lives. These psychiatric comorbidities sometimes result in behavioral problems that are difficult to handle, both with psychotherapy and with pharmacological treatments. Medication can be essential for the control of behavioral disorders, and other associated symptoms. We currently lack specific clinical guidelines, pharmacological recommendations based on sufficient scientific evidence, and drugs with express indications for these symptoms in patients with ID. This review article aims to summarize a set of recommendations related to the use of psychiatric drugs in this population group.

Keywords:
Intellectual disability
Behavioural disturbances
Treatment
Comorbidity

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