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Vol. 46. Issue 6.
Pages 257-266 (January 2003)
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Vol. 46. Issue 6.
Pages 257-266 (January 2003)
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La mutilación genital en la mujer del siglo XXI
Female genital mutilation in the 21st century
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A. Bayo, I. González
Corresponding author
igblanco@hotmail.com

Correspondencia: Hospital Universitario Río Hortega. Avda. Cardenal Torquemada, s/n. 47010 Valladolid. España
, A. Román, A.B. Rodríguez, S. Grau, J. Marina, I. Tarancón
Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología. Hospital Universitario Río Hortega. Valladolid. España
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Resumen

La mutilación genital femenina es una cruenta práctica que afecta a millones de mujeres y niñas en todo el mundo, con independencia del grupo social al que pertenezcan, su nivel económico o cultural y la religión que profesen

El abuso incontrolado de la ablación genital también se está convirtiendo en un grave problema de salud pública en muchos de los países en que está arraigada desde siglos. Se han descrito graves repercusiones sanitarias que se traducen en complicaciones urológicas, ginecológicas, obstétricas y psicológicas

En la actualidad, y con la ayuda de múltiples programas de cooperación internacional a través de organismos gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, se está dando a conocer la necesidad de preservar la integridad física de estas niñas como parte fundamental de erradicar esta violación de los derechos humanos

Estos mecanismos ya han abierto el debate en el seno de la sociedad africana donde se practica la ablación genital y existe una confrontación abierta entre las mujeres más jóvenes y mejor formadas, que luchan por su eliminación, y sus propias madres, que se resisten a ello porque temen que una hija no mutilada se convierta en una joven no casadera y, por tanto, socialmente desahuciada

Será necesario entender la complejidad de las ideas y creencias que envuelven la mutilación genital femenina para enfocar los esfuerzos de forma multidisciplinaria e implicar a una gran diversidad de profesionales que trabajen conjuntamente para lograr, en un futuro inmediato, disminuir esta grave forma de violencia ritual

Palabras clave:
Mutilación genital femenina
Circuncisión femenina
Secuelas
Repercusión legal
Summary

Female genital mutilation is a bloody practice that affects million women and girls throughout the world independent of their social group, economic or educational status, and their religion

The uncontrolled abuse of genital ablation is also becoming a serious public health problem in many of the countries in which it has been practiced for centuries. Serious health effects have been described such as urological, gynecological, obstetric, and psychological complications

Currently, with the help of multiple programs of international cooperation through governmental and non-governmental organizations, the need to preserve the physical integrity of these girls as a fundamental element in eradicating this violation of the human rights is becoming recognized

These mechanisms have already initiated debate in the heart of African societies in which genital ablation is practiced and there is open confrontation between the younger, better-educated women who fight for its elimination and their mothers who resist its eradication out of fear that unmutilated daughters would be unmarriagable and consequently socially ostracized

The complexity of the ideas and beliefs surrounding female genital mutilation must be understood to focus multidisciplinary efforts and to involve a wide variety of professionals who would work together to reduce this serious form of ritual violence in the immediate future

Keywords:
Female genital mutilation
Female circumcision
Sequels
Legal issues
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Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia
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