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Inicio Medicina Reproductiva y Embriología Clínica Sperm DNA fragmentation and microfluidics: A new era in human sperm selection
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Vol. 9. Issue 3.
(September - December 2022)
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Vol. 9. Issue 3.
(September - December 2022)
REVIEW
Sperm DNA fragmentation and microfluidics: A new era in human sperm selection
Visits
56
Maria Luisa Pardiñasa, Angel Martina, David Ortega-Jaéna, Jose María De los Santosb, Thamara Viloriab, Pilar Gamizb, Maria José De los Santosa,b,
Corresponding author
MariaJose.DelosSantos@ivirma.com

Corresponding author at: IVF Laboratory, IVI RMA Valencia, Plaza de la Policía Local, 3, Valencia 46015, Spain.
a IVI Foundation-IIS La Fe, Research and Innovation, Valencia, Spain
b IVI RMA Valencia, IVF Laboratory, Valencia, Spain
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Abstract

The male factor plays a decisive role in reproduction and, despite being an area that has been extensively studied, there are events that remain unknown, such as sperm DNA fragmentation. This cause of infertility has been the subject of study during the last decades and has been associated with poor semen parameters and low reproductive outcomes. Among the techniques that have emerged to mitigate this problem is the innovative field of microfluidics. Microfluidic-based devices have been developed to be applied as sperm selection methods, reporting promising results in the non-invasive selection of sperm of higher quality, and less DNA fragmentation. The nature of these devices lies in sperm self-selection by simulating an in vivo environment. The present review discusses the mechanisms responsible for sperm DNA fragmentation and its implication in the field of assisted reproduction introducing, in addition, microfluidics as a potential application for human sperm selection.

Keywords:
Sperm DNA fragmentation
Microfluidics
Sperm selection
Male infertility
Palabras clave:
Fragmentación del ADN espermático
Microfluídica
Selección espermática
Infertilidad masculina
Abbreviations:
DNA
SDF
ssSDF
dsSDF
ART
IVF
ICSI
WHO
ROS
8OHdG
SCSA
SCD
TUNEL
TdT
DAPI
PDMS
Resumen

El factor masculino juega un papel decisivo en la reproducción y, pese a ser un área muy estudiada, hay eventos que siguen siendo desconocidos como es el caso de la fragmentación del ADN espermático. Esta causa de infertilidad ha sido objeto de estudio durante las últimas décadas viéndose asociada con parámetros seminales pobres y bajos resultados reproductivos. De entre las técnicas surgidas para paliar dicho problema se encuentra el novedoso campo de la microfluídica. Los aparatos basados en microfluídica se han desarrollado para ser aplicados como métodos de selección espermática reportando resultados prometedores en la selección no invasiva de espermatozoides de mejor calidad y menor fragmentación en su ADN. La naturaleza de estos aparatos radica en la auto selección espermática mediante la simulación de un ambiente in vivo. La presente revisión desarrolla los mecanismos responsables de la fragmentación del ADN espermático y su implicación en el campo de la reproducción asistida introduciendo, además, la microfluídica como aplicación potencial para la selección humana espermática.

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