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Brief report
Serological response to influenza vaccine in patients with autoimmune inflammatory diseases: Results of RIER study
Respuesta serológica en pacientes con enfermedades inflamatorias autoinmunes tras la vacunación de la gripe: resultados del estudio RIER
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Patricia Richia,b,
Corresponding author
, María Dolores Martínc, Cristina Andreu-Vázquezb, Ana Jiménez-Diaza, Martina Steinera,b, Santiago Muñoz-Fernándeza,b
a Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
b Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
c Departamento de Bacteriología, BR Salud Laboratorios, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
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Received 17 December 2019. Accepted 02 April 2020
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Demographic characteristics, diagnoses, treatments and baseline serological status of the participants.
Table 2. Number and proportion of final seropositives against Ag A and Ag B, in each of the participating groups, and crude and adjusted odds ratios according to age and baseline serological status.
Table 3. Number and proportion of final seropositives against Ag A and Ag B, crude odds ratios adjusted according to age and baseline serological status, in patients in the DMARD group, patients in the biological group overall, and patients of the biological group divided according to whether or not they received concomitant treatment with DMARDs.
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Abstract
Background

Influenza vaccine is recommended for patients with autoimmune inflammatory diseases (AIID) on biological therapy.

Objective

To evaluate whether serological response to Influenza vaccine obtained in patients on biological therapy is similar to that achieved in patients on synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and that obtained in healthy controls.

Methods

We designed a cohort study in which patients with AIID, 68 on biological therapy and 46 on synthetic DMARDs, as well as 48 healthy controls, were included and vaccinated during the 2015–2016 influenza season. ELISA was used to measure Influenza antigen (Ag) A and B antibodies, before and after vaccination.

Results

After vaccination, 88.24% of patients on biologics, 71.74% of those on synthetic DMARDs and 89.58% of healthy controls, presented detectable antibodies against antigen A, while 42.65% of subjects on biologics, 41.30% of those on DMARDs and 54.17% of healthy subjects were seropositive against Ag B. We did not find statistical differences.

Conclusions

In our study, biological therapy is not associated with worse serological response.

Keywords:
Influenza vaccine
Autoimmune inflammatory diseases
Biological therapy
Resumen
Introducción

Los pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes inflamatorias (EAII) en tratamiento biológico deben recibir la vacunación antigripal anualmente.

Objetivo

Estudiar si la respuesta serológica a la vacuna antigripal en pacientes con EAII con tratamiento biológico es diferente de la obtenida en enfermos en tratamiento con fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad (FAME) sintéticos y de la conseguida en sujetos sanos.

Métodos

Se diseñó un estudio de cohortes en el que se incluyeron pacientes con EAII, 68 tratados con biológicos (grupo biológicos) y 46 con tratamiento con FAME sintéticos (grupo FAME), así como 48 personas sanas. Todos recibieron la vacuna antigripal 2015–2016. Se midieron, mediante ELISA, los títulos de anticuerpos (Ac) frente a los antígenos (Ag) A y B, antes y después de la vacunación.

Resultados

Tras la vacunación, el 88,24% de los enfermos del grupo biológicos, el 71,74% del grupo FAME y el 89,58% de las personas sanas fueron seropositivos frente al Ag A, mientras que el 42,65% del grupo biológicos, el 41,30% del grupo FAME y el 54,17% de las personas sanas fueron seropositivos frente al Ag B. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos.

Conclusiones

En nuestro estudio, el tratamiento biológico no se asoció a una peor respuesta serológica.

Palabras clave:
Vacuna antigripal
Enfermedades autoinmunes inflamatorias
Terapia biológica

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