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Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Diagnostic value of angiotensin-converting enzyme levels for assessing organ inv...
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Vol. 166. Issue 1.
(January 2026)
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Vol. 166. Issue 1.
(January 2026)
Original article

Diagnostic value of angiotensin-converting enzyme levels for assessing organ involvement in sarcoidosis: A retrospective single-centre study

Valor diagnóstico de los niveles de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina para evaluar la afectación orgánica en sarcoidosis: un estudio retrospectivo de un solo centro
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Jesus López-Martínez, Andrea Fernández-Valmaña, Álex Mayer-Fuentes, Joan María Mercadé-Torras, Estefanía Díaz-Martín, María García-González, Laia Mas-Maresma, Carlos Feijoo-Massó
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cfeijoo@tauli.cat

Corresponding author.
Department of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases-Internal Medicine, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Background

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is the most widely studied biomarker in sarcoidosis; however, its association with epidemiology and multi-organ involvement remains unclear. The aim of our study was to analyse whether elevated ACE levels are associated with epidemiological factors, as well as with pulmonary, extrathoracic, and multi-organ involvement in patients with sarcoidosis.

Methods

A retrospective single-centre study was conducted on patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis between 2000 and 2024. Multi-organ disease was defined as involvement of three or more organs, and elevated ACE levels were defined as values equal to or greater than 50IU/L.

Results

A total of 177 patients were analysed, of whom 117 patients (66.1%) presented with elevated ACE levels at the time of diagnosis. A significant relationship between elevated ACE levels and multi-organ involvement was observed (OR=4.99 [95% CI 1.56–15.96]), while White patients (OR=4.9 [95% CI 1.04–23.25]), skin involvement (OR=2.55 [95% CI 1.27–5.12]), and age (OR=1.02 [95% CI 1.0–1.04]) were associated with normal ACE levels. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to differentiate multi-organ from limited involvement yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.788, with 86.2% sensitivity and 36.5% specificity using the conventional cut-off (50IU/L).

Conclusions

Patients with sarcoidosis and multi-organ involvement had elevated ACE levels. In contrast, older age, White race/ethnicity, and skin involvement were associated with ACE levels within the reference range.

Keywords:
Sarcoidosis
Multi-organ
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
Extrapulmonary
Resumen
Introducción

La enzima convertidora de angiotensina (ECA) es el biomarcador más ampliamente estudiado en la sarcoidosis; sin embargo, su asociación con factores epidemiológicos y con la afectación multiorgánica no está bien establecida. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar si los niveles elevados de ECA se asocian con factores epidemiológicos, así como con la afectación pulmonar, extratorácica y multiorgánica en pacientes con sarcoidosis.

Métodos

Estudio retrospectivo unicéntrico en pacientes diagnosticados de sarcoidosis entre 2000 y 2024. Se definió enfermedad multiorgánica como la afectación de tres o más órganos, y niveles elevados de ECA como valores iguales o mayores a 50UI/L.

Resultados

Se analizaron 177 pacientes, de los cuales 117 (66,1%) presentaron niveles elevados de ECA en el momento del diagnóstico. Se observó una asociación significativa entre niveles elevados de ECA y afectación multiorgánica (OR=4,99; IC 95%: 1,56-15,96), mientras que la raza blanca (OR=4,9; IC 95%: 1,04-23,25), la afectación cutánea (OR=2,55; IC 95%: 1,27-5,12) y la edad (OR=1,02; IC 95%: 1,0-1,04) se asociaron con niveles normales de ECA. La curva característica operativa del receptor (ROC) para diferenciar afectación multiorgánica de limitada mostró un área bajo la curva (AUC) de 0,788, con una sensibilidad del 86,2% y una especificidad del 36,5% utilizando el punto de corte convencional (50UI/L).

Conclusiones

Los pacientes con sarcoidosis y afectación multiorgánica presentaron niveles elevados de ECA. En contraste, la mayor edad, la raza blanca y la afectación cutánea se asociaron con niveles de ECA dentro del rango de referencia.

Palabras clave:
Sarcoidosis
Multiorgánico
Enzima convertidora de angiotensina
Extrapulmonar

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