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Inicio Medicina Clínica (English Edition) Neurological manifestations of Behçet's disease: Study of 57 patients
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Vol. 154. Issue 12.
Pages 488-492 (June 2020)
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Vol. 154. Issue 12.
Pages 488-492 (June 2020)
Brief report
Neurological manifestations of Behçet's disease: Study of 57 patients
Manifestaciones neurológicas en la enfermedad de Behçet: estudio de 57 pacientes
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Neera Toledo-Samaniegoa,b,1,
Corresponding author
neera.toledo@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Francisco Galeano-Vallea,b,c,1, Paula Ascanio-Palomaresb, Blanca González-Martínezb, Andrea Valencia-Kruszynab, Pablo Demelo-Rodrígueza,b,c
a Unidad de Enfermedad Tromboembólica Venosa, Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
b Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
c Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with Behçet's disease with and without neurobehçet.
Table 2. Clinical manifestations and complementary tests of neurobehçet episodes.
Table 3. Case series of patients with NB published in the last 10 years. Behçet's disease.
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Abstract
Introduction

Prevalence of neurological involvement in Behçet's disease (BD) varies between studies and is associated with high morbimortality. Neurological involvement is classified as parenchymal and non-parenchymal involvement (vascular involvement). Treatment of neurological involvement consists of immunosuppressants. Evidence regarding presentation and outcomes in neuro-Behçet's (NB) is scarce.

Methods

Observational retrospective study that included consecutive patients diagnosed with BD between 2006 and 2019 in a tertiary hospital of Madrid.

Results

Fifty-seven patients were included with a mean follow-up of 7.83 (±6.98) years. The mean age at diagnosis of BD and first NB episode was 34.7 (±12.1) and 31.03 (±9.9) years, respectively. Fifty-six NB episodes were registered in 25 patients. Fever (OR 3.39, 95% CI: 1.14–10.15) and pseudofolliculitis (OR 4.06, 95% CI: 1.11–14.80) were associated to NB. Trigeminal neuralgia was found in 16% (4/25) of patients.

Conclusion

The prevalence of NB in patients with BD was higher than previously described. Fever and pseudofolliculitis were more frequently associated with NB, with low mortality during follow-up.

Keywords:
Behçet's disease
Behçet's syndrome
Neurological involvement
Aseptic meningitis
Resumen
Introducción

Las manifestaciones neurológicas en la enfermedad de Behçet (EB) presentan una prevalencia variable en la literatura y asocian una mayor morbimortalidad. Se distingue la afectación parenquimatosa y la no parenquimatosa (vascular). El tratamiento de estas manifestaciones se basa en la inmunosupresión. La evidencia sobre la presentación y evolución del neurobehçet (NB) es escasa.

Métodos

Estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluyó a pacientes consecutivos con diagnóstico de EB entre 2006 y 2019 en un hospital terciario de Madrid.

Resultados

Se incluyó a 57 pacientes con EB, con un seguimiento medio de 7,83 (±6,98) años. La edad media al diagnóstico de EB y del primer episodio de NB fue 34,7 (±12,1) años y 31 (±9,9) años, respectivamente. Se registraron 56 episodios de NB en 25 pacientes. La fiebre (OR 3,39; IC 95%: 1,14-10,15) y la pseudofoliculitis (OR 4,06; IC 95%: 1,11-14,80) se asociaron a NB. La neuralgia del trigémino se encontró en el 16% (4/25) de los pacientes.

Conclusión

La prevalencia de NB fue mayor que la descrita previamente. La fiebre y la pseudofoliculitis se asociaron a NB y la mortalidad fue baja durante el seguimiento.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Behçet
Síndrome de Behçet
Manifestaciones neurológicas
Meningitis aséptica

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