metricas
Journal of Healthcare Quality Research Variabilidad en la toma de decisiones médicas en pacientes críticos durante la...
Journal Information
Vol. 41. Issue 5. (In progress)
(September - October 2026)
Cite
Cite
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Visits
203
Vol. 41. Issue 5. (In progress)
(September - October 2026)
Original

Variabilidad en la toma de decisiones médicas en pacientes críticos durante la pandemia COVID-19 en España

Practice variation in Medical Decision in Critically Ill Patients During COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain
Visits
203
F. Jaramillo-Castella, S. Minué-Lorenzob,
Corresponding author
sergiominue21@gmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, D. Carmona-Derquic, M. Correac, C. Fernández-Aguilard, K. Nanwanie, M. Quintana-Díaze, J.J. Martín-Martínc
a Servicio de Salud del Reloncaví, Puerto Montt, Los Lagos, Chile
b Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Primary Health Care WHO Collaborating Centre, Junta de Andalucía, Granada, España
c Departamento de Economía aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España
d Departamento de Economía Internacional y de España, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España
e Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital la Paz, Servicio Madrileño de Salud, Madrid, España
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Full Text
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Resumen
Introducción

La investigación sobre decisión clínica en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) durante la pandemia COVID-19 es limitada. Los objetivos del estudio son cuantificar la variabilidad en las decisiones de médicos de UCI en España y evaluar su asociación a factores contextuales.

Métodos

Estudio experimental cuali-cuantitativo intrasujeto con viñetas, con manipulación de factores contextuales (hora de la decisión, edad y morbilidad previa, incongruencia de resultados diagnósticos, ola pandémica), mediante cuestionario online. Participaron 146 médicos que trabajaron en UCI en pandemia. Se compararon respuestas pareadas en cada modelo mediante el test de McNemar (mid-P) y se estimó el tamaño del efecto con Odds Ratio (OR).

Resultados

Se identifica amplia variabilidad en la decisión clínica asociada a los factores contextuales analizados. En modelo 1, el 73% de los médicos opta por no intervenir a las 3:00 AM, pero solo un 14,5% a 10 AM. En modelo 2, la mayoría opta por ingresar en UCI al paciente más joven con multimorbilidad en la primera ola, pero no al de mayor edad con mejor situación previa (OR=8,13), efecto que disminuye en última ola (OR=2,42). En modelo 3, el manejo como COVID-19 ante Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) negativa fue mucho más frecuente en la primera ola que en la última (78,8% vs. 56,7%).

Conclusiones

Se observa alta variabilidad en las decisiones en UCI en pandemia, sensible a factores contextuales: hora del día, edad o influencia del paso del tiempo. Esto sugiere la utilización de heurísticos por parte de los médicos y la necesidad de incorporar el componente contextual en su capacitación.

Palabras clave:
Variabilidad práctica asistencial
Factores contextuales
Heurísticos
COVID-19
Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos
Abstract
Background

Research on clinical decision-making in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) during the COVID-19 pandemic is limited. The objectives of this study are to quantify variation in ICU physicians’ decisions in Spain and evaluate its association with contextual factors.

Methods

This was a mixed-methods, within-subjects, qualitative-quantitative experimental study using vignettes with manipulation of contextual factors (time of decision, age and pre-existing morbidity, incongruity of diagnostic results, pandemic wave) using an online questionnaire. A total of 146 physicians who worked in the ICU during the pandemic participated. Paired responses in each model were compared using the McNemar test (mid-P), and effect size was estimated using odds-ratios.

Results

Wide practice variation in clinical decision-making was identified, associated with the analysed contextual factors. In model 1, 73% of physicians opted not to intervene at 3:00 AM, but only 14.5% at 10:00 AM. In model 2, most physicians opted to admit the youngest patient with multimorbidity to the ICU during the first wave, but not the older patient with a better pre-existing condition (OR=8.13), an effect that decreased in the last wave (OR=2.42). In model 3, managing patients with COVID-19 despite a negative PCR test was much more frequent in the first wave than in the last (78.8% vs. 56.7%).

Conclusions

High variation in ICU decisions during the pandemic was observed, sensitive to contextual factors such as time of day, age, and the influence of time. This suggests the use of heuristics by physicians and the need to incorporate the contextual component into their training.

Keywords:
Medical practice variation
Contextual factors
Heuristic
COVID-19
Intensive Care Units

Article

These are the options to access the full texts of the publication Journal of Healthcare Quality Research
Subscriber
Subscriber

If you already have your login data, please click here .

If you have forgotten your password you can you can recover it by clicking here and selecting the option “I have forgotten my password”
Purchase
Purchase article

Purchasing article the PDF version will be downloaded

Purchase now
Contact
Phone for subscriptions and reporting of errors
From Monday to Friday from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. (GMT + 1) except for the months of July and August which will be from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Calls from Spain
932 415 960
Calls from outside Spain
+34 932 415 960
E-mail
asdasdasd
Article options
Tools