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Journal of Healthcare Quality Research Adequacy of anticoagulation in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
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Vol. 41. Issue 2.
(March - April 2026)
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Vol. 41. Issue 2.
(March - April 2026)
Original Article

Adequacy of anticoagulation in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation

Adecuación del tratamiento anticoagulante en pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular
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M. Fernández-Pérez, Á. Pereda, M. Gabilondo, C. Pisón
Corresponding author
Basque Health Service (Osakidetza), Araba University Hospital, Department of Haematology, Jose Atxotegi Kalea, s/n, Vitoria-Gasteiz, 01009, Spain
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Abstract
Objective

Fewer benefits are obtained from antithrombotic therapy in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in routine practice than in clinical trials due to inadequate prescribing. This study aimed to assess the adequacy of anticoagulation therapy in clinical practice in patients with newly diagnosed NVAF.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted to assess treatment adequacy in patients with newly diagnosed NVAF in Alava. The adequacy of direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) therapy was classified according to the dose specified in the summary of product characteristics. In patients treated with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), anticoagulation therapy quality was considered good when the time in the therapeutic range (international normalised ratio: 2.0–3.0) was ≥60%. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to analyse the probability of inadequacy.

Results

Overall, 1446 patients with NVAF were included: 408 (28%) were treated with DOACs, and 856 (59%) with VKAs, while 182 (13%) received no anticoagulation therapy. The treatment was considered adequate in 75% of the DOAC group, 33% of the VKA group, and 57% of the no-anticoagulant group. The reason for inadequacy in treated patients was receiving an inappropriate dose of DOACs (25%) or VKAs (67%), while in the untreated group, 78 cases (43%) were classified as inadequate due to lack of anticoagulation with no clinical justification.

Conclusions

There is marked variability in the adequacy of anticoagulation in patients with NVAF. Guideline recommendations should be strictly followed to improve treatment adequacy, as it is unacceptable that half of these patients are inadequately anticoagulated.

Keywords:
Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
Quality of health care
Comorbidity
Anticoagulation
Direct-acting oral anticoagulants
Acenocumarol
Resumen
Objetivo

Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la adecuación del tratamiento anticoagulante en la práctica clínica de pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular de reciente diagnóstico.

Métodos

Estudio observacional retrospectivo. El tratamiento con anticoagulantes orales de acción directa (ACOD) se clasificó en función de la dosis especificada en el resumen de características del producto. En los pacientes con antagonistas de la vitamina K (AVK), la calidad se consideró buena cuando el tiempo en rango terapéutico (cociente internacional normalizado: 2,0-3,0) fue ≥60%. Se realizaron análisis de regresión logística univariantes y multivariantes para analizar la probabilidad de inadecuación.

Resultados

se incluyeron 1446 pacientes con FANV: 408 (28%) recibieron tratamiento con DOAC, 856 (59%) con AVK y 182 (13%) no recibieron tratamiento anticoagulante. El tratamiento se consideró adecuado en el 75% del grupo de los DOAC, el 33% del grupo de los AVK y el 57% del grupo sin anticoagulantes. El motivo de inadecuación en los pacientes tratados fue recibir una dosis inadecuada de DOAC (25%) o AVK (67%), mientras que en el grupo sin tratamiento, 78 casos (43%) se clasificaron como inadecuados por falta de anticoagulación sin justificación clínica.

Conclusiones

Existe una marcada variabilidad en la adecuación de la anticoagulación en estos pacientes. Para mejorar la adecuación del tratamiento, deben seguirse estrictamente las recomendaciones de las guías, ya que es inaceptable que la mitad de estos pacientes estén anticoagulados de manera inadecuada.

Palabras clave:
Fibrilación auricular no valvular
Calidad de la atención sanitaria
Comorbilidad
Anticoagulación
Anticoagulantes orales de acción directa
Acenocumarol

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