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RESUMEN
Entre las características que definen los distritos industriales destaca la coexistencia de relaciones de cooperación y competencia entre sus empresas. Esta combinación de relaciones puede favorecer la consecución de ventajas competitivas difícilmente reproducibles en otros contextos, por sus implicaciones en el desarrollo y difusión de nuevo conocimiento e innovaciones. El objetivo del trabajo es desarrollar un modelo explicativo que nos permita estudiar de manera integrada las relaciones de cooperación y competencia que se derivan de la pertenencia a un distrito industrial y su influencia en la generación de ventajas competitivas sostenibles de las empresas del distrito. Para ello, revisamos las aportaciones más relevantes de diversas perspectivas teóricas al estudio de los distritos industriales y planteamos una serie de proposiciones teóricas que definen el modelo explicativo. Completamos el trabajo con la discusión del modelo y la extracción de una serie de conclusiones.
PALABRAS CLAVE:
Distritos industriales
Cooperación
Competencia
Modelo Explicativo
Ventajas Competitivas
ABSTRACT
One of the most distinctive characteristics in industrial districts is the coexistence of cooperative and competitive relationships between their firms. This combination of relationships is identified as a competitive advantage that is very difficult to reproduce in other contexts. It is considered as critical for the development and spillover of new knowledge, with implications for innovation. Our main goal is to develop a conceptual model that allows us to explain, in an integrated way, the impact of the cooperative and competitive relationships on the generation of competitive advantages. In this way, we pick up the most excellent contributions that have been carried out to study industrial districts from diverse theoretical approaches. We outline several theoretical propositions which define the explicative model. Finally, we complete this work with the discussion of the model and some conclusions.
KEYWORDS:
Industrial Districts
Cooperation
Competition
Explicative Model
Competitive Advantages
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