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Impact of the lockdown period due to the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Impacto del confinamiento debido a la pandemia por COVID-19 en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
Engy Refaiea,, Sandra García Mateob,,
Corresponding author
sgarciamateo7@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Samuel Jesús Martínez Domínguezb, Carla Jerusalén Gargallo-Puyuelob, Laura Lario Quilezb, Patricia Carrera-Lasfuentesc, María Teresa Arroyo Villarinob, Fernando Gomollón Garcíab,d,e
a University of Medicine, Milan, Italy
b Department of Gastroenterology, IBD Unit, University Hospital Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
c CIBERehd, 28029 Madrid, Spain
d ISS Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
e Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatolohy, University of Zaragoza, Spain
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Tables (4)
Table 1. Clinical and demographic characteristics of study population.
Table 2. PSS-10 questionnaire answers by item.
Table 3. Factors associated with the level of Perceived Stress (PSS-10 scale) in patients with IBD.
Table 4. Therapeutic adherence in patients with IBD during COVID-19 pandemic in Spain.
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Abstract
Introduction

The lockdown period due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Spain probably had a significant emotional impact on chronic patients and hence on those who are suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to their high risk of emotional disorders. The aim of this study was to learn how COVID-19 influenced patients suffering from IBD during the quarantine period, focusing in particular on psychological distress through the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) and also the impact of the pandemic on therapeutic adherence using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).

Patients and methods

A prospective, single-centre and analytical observational study was carried out in the IBD unit in August 2020. Patients were contacted and interviewed by phone. A descriptive analysis was carried out and subsequently the factors associated with the loss of therapeutic adherence and higher-moderate levels of stress were analyzed through logistic regression multivariate analyses.

Results

A total of 426 patients were included with a median PSS-10 score of 12 (10–16). A higher level of stress was reported by those who were not married, women and those who experienced an increase in IBD-related symptoms. Adherence to treatment was not associated with stress based on the PSS-10 questionnaire.

Conclusions

Although the lockdown period due to the COVID-19 pandemic has probably had a significant emotional impact on Spaniards with IBD, IBD patients in general had lower PSS-10 scores.

Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2
Perceived stress
Therapeutic adherence
Inflammatory bowel disease
Resumen
Introducción

El confinamiento debido a la pandemia por COVID-19 en España tuvo probablemente un importante impacto emocional en los pacientes crónicos, y por tanto en aquellos que sufren enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) debido a su riesgo incrementado de padecer desórdenes emocionales. El objetivo de este estudio es el de conocer como la COVID-19 ha influido a los pacientes con EII durante el período de cuarentena, haciendo hincapié en el nivel de estrés a través de la Escala de Estrés Percibido (PSS-10) así como en la adherencia a los tratamientos por medio de la escala visual analógica (VAS).

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio prospectivo, unicéntrico y observacional realizado en la Unidad de EII durante el mes de agosto de 2020. Los pacientes fueron entrevistados por teléfono. Se llevó a cabo un análisis descriptivo inicial, posteriormente se identificaron los factores relacionados con la pérdida de adherencia, así como con los niveles altos-moderados de estrés a través de análisis de regresión logística multivariante.

Resultados

Fueron incluidos un total de 426 pacientes con una puntuación media en la escala PSS-10 de 12 (10-16). Los niveles más altos de estrés se reportaron en aquellos pacientes que no estaban casados, las mujeres o aquellos que habían incrementado sintomatología relacionada con su EII. La adherencia al tratamiento no se asoció con el nivel de estrés basado en el cuestionario PSS-10.

Conclusiones

A pesar de que el período de cuarentena por COVID-19 haya podido tener un importante papel en el impacto emocional de la población española con EII, los pacientes con EII tuvieron en general niveles bajos según el cuestionario PSS-10.

Palabras clave:
SARS-CoV-2
Estrés percibido
Adherencia terapéutica
Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

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