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Gastroenterología y Hepatología (English Edition) Faecal calprotectin to monitor response to treatment escalation for endoscopic p...
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Vol. 49. Issue 6.
(June - July 2026)
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Vol. 49. Issue 6.
(June - July 2026)
Original article

Faecal calprotectin to monitor response to treatment escalation for endoscopic postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease

Monitorización mediante calprotectina fecal de la respuesta a la intensificación terapéutica de la recurrencia endoscópica post-operatoria en Enfermedad de Crohn
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Laura Gutiérrez-Riosa, Margalida Calafata,b, Eva Vayredaa, Míriam Mañosaa,b,
Corresponding author
mmanosa.germanstrias@gencat.cat

Corresponding author.
, Eugeni Domènecha,b,c
a Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
c Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Objective

Approximately 20% of the patients with Crohn's disease (CD) undergo intestinal resection within the first five years from diagnosis. Postoperative recurrence (POR) occurs in many even if preventive therapies are started early after surgery. In this scenario, treatment escalation is recommended; although scarce data are available, faecal calprotectin (FC) has been proposed as the best non-invasive monitoring tool. The aim of this study is to explore the utility of FC for monitoring the treatment response of endoscopic POR (ePOR).

Patients and methods

A single-centre retrospective study of patients with CD treated because of ePOR and from whom baseline and follow-up FC measurements as well as an ileocolonoscopic assessment were available. Primary endpoint was endoscopic improvement (decrease in the Rutgeerts’ endoscopic score [RES]).

Results

Twenty-two patients with ePOR in whom treatment escalation was started were included. ePOR was treated with anti-TNF in 13 patients (59%), thiopurines in 4 (15%), ustekinumab in 3 (13%) and vedolizumab in 2 (10%). After a median clinical follow-up of 23 months, endoscopic improvement was observed in 68% (n=15). At baseline, 14 patients (64%) had FC levels >200μg/g; endoscopic improvement was observed in 11 (73%) of these and 7 (65%) reduced FC values <200μg/g. All patients with persistence of mucosal lesions remained with FC values >200μg/g. FC levels <250μg/g immediately before endoscopic assessment showed 70% sensitivity and 100% specificity (when baseline FC >200μg/g) for the prediction of endoscopic improvement.

Conclusions

Monitoring FC after treatment escalation for ePOR may be useful for the non-invasive monitoring of endoscopic response.

Keywords:
Postoperative
Calprotectin
Crohn's disease
Endoscopic recurrence
Resumen
Objetivo

Aproximadamente el 20% de los pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn (EC) requieren resección intestinal en los primeros cinco años tras el diagnóstico. La recurrencia posoperatoria endoscópica (ePOR) es frecuente, incluso con tratamiento preventivo precoz. En estos casos, se recomienda la intensificación terapéutica. La calprotectina fecal (CF) se ha propuesto como una herramienta no invasiva útil para el seguimiento. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la utilidad de CF para monitorizar la respuesta al tratamiento de la ePOR.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio retrospectivo unicéntrico en pacientes con EC tratados por ePOR, con determinaciones basales y de seguimiento de CF, y evaluación ileocolonoscópica. El objetivo primario fue la mejoría endoscópica, definida como la reducción en la puntuación endoscópica de Rutgeerts (RES).

Resultados

Se incluyeron 22 pacientes con ePOR que recibieron intensificación del tratamiento: anti-TNF en 13 (59%), tiopurinas en 4 (15%), ustekinumab en 3 (13%) y vedolizumab en 2 (10%). Tras una mediana de seguimiento de 23 meses, se observó mejoría endoscópica en el 68% (n=15). Al inicio, 14 (64%) presentaban CF>200μg/g; de ellos, 11 (73%) mostraron mejoría endoscópica y 7 (65%) redujeron la CF <200μg/g. Todos los pacientes con persistencia de lesiones mucosas mantuvieron CF>200μg/g. Una CF <250μg/g previa a la colonoscopia mostró una sensibilidad del 70% y especificidad del 100% (si la CF basal era>200μg/g) para predecir mejoría endoscópica.

Conclusiones

La CF podría ser una herramienta útil para el seguimiento no invasivo de la respuesta endoscópica a la intensificación terapéutica.

Palabras clave:
Postoperatorio
Calprotectina
Enfermedad de Crohn
Recurrencia endoscópica

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