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Inicio Gastroenterología y Hepatología Ultra-short celiac disease exhibits differential genetic and immunophenotypic fe...
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Vol. 45. Issue 9.
Pages 652-659 (November 2022)
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Vol. 45. Issue 9.
Pages 652-659 (November 2022)
Original article
Ultra-short celiac disease exhibits differential genetic and immunophenotypic features compared to conventional celiac disease
La enfermedad celiaca ultra corta presenta una expresión genética e inmunológica distinta a la de la enfermedad celiaca convencional
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Pilar Mata-Romeroa,
Corresponding author
pmataromero@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Daniel Martín-Holgadoa, Hal C. Ferreira-Nossaa, Pedro L. González-Corderoa, Ana Izquierdo-Martínb, Patricia Barros-Garcíab, Nuria Fernandez-Gonzalezc, Luis Fernández-Pereirad, Carmen Cámara-Hijónd, Javier Molina-Infantea,e
a Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario de Caceres, Caceres, Spain
b Department of Pediatrics, Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara, Caceres, Spain
c Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario de Caceres, Caceres, Spain
d Department of Immunology, Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara, Caceres, Spain
e Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Background

Ultra-short coeliac disease (USCD) is a novel celiac disease (CD) subtype limited to the duodenal bulb (D1). HLA haplotypes and flow cytometry have not been assessed yet.

Aims

To compare genetic, clinical, serologic, histopathologic and inmmunophenotypic parameters between USCD and conventional celiac disease (CCD) patients.

Methods

Prospective single-center study in children and adult patients undergoing duodenal biopsies on a gluten-containing diet. Biopsies for histology and flow cytometry were taken separately from D1 and distal duodenum. Biopsies in seronegative patients with celiac lymphogram were repeated after 2 years on a gluten-free diet.

Results

Among 505 included patients, 127 were diagnosed with CD, of whom 7 (5.5%) showed USCD. HLADQ2 was significantly less common in USCD compared to CCD (71% vs. 95%, p 0.003). Likewise, USCD patients showed more frequent non-significant seronegativity (28% vs. 8%, p 0.07) and significantly lower titrations (7–15IU/ml) of tissue transglutaminase antibodies (tTG-IgA) (60% vs. 13%, p<0.001). Biopsies from D1 revealed significant less NK cells down-expression in USCD patients (1.4 vs. 5, p 0.04).

Conclusions

Up to 5.5% of CD patients showed USCD. A lower frequency of HLADQ2, along with less serum tTG-IgA titration and duodenal NK cell suppression, were differential features of USCD.

Keywords:
Coeliac disease
Ultra-short
Flow citometry
Abbreviations:
CCD
CD
D1
EMA
GFD
HLA
IELs
NK
TCRγδ+
tTG-IgA
USCD
Resumen
Antecedentes

La enfermedad celiaca ultracorta (ECUC) es un nuevo fenotipo de la enfermedad celiaca, que afecta exclusivamente al bulbo duodenal (D1), cuyas características genéticas e inmunológicas no han sido descritas.

Objetivos

Comparar las características genéticas, clínicas, serológicas, histológicas e inmunológicas entre ECUC y enfermedad celiaca convencional (ECC).

Métodos

Estudio prospectivo, unicéntrico, en el que se realizaron biopsias duodenales a pacientes adultos y pediátricos que seguían una dieta con gluten. Se realizó análisis histológico y por citometría de flujo por separado de duodeno distal y D1. En pacientes seronegativos con histología o linfograma concordante con EC, se repitió la biopsia tras 2 años con dieta sin gluten.

Resultados

Se incluyeron 505 pacientes, siendo diagnosticados 127 de enfermedad celiaca, de los cuales 7 (5,5%) tenían ECUC. Los pacientes con ECUC expresaron el haplotipo DQ2 con menor frecuencia que en la ECC (71% vs. 95%, p 0,003) y presentaron mayor seronegatividad (28% vs. 8%, p 0,07) y, de manera significativa, titulaciones bajas de anticuerpos antitransglutaminasa (7-15IU/ml) (60% vs. 13%, p < 0,001). Comparado con la ECC, la citometría de flujo en las biopsias bulbares reveló una reducción atenuada significativa de células NK (1,4 vs. 5, p 0,04) en pacientes con ECUC.

Conclusiones

Un 5,5% de los pacientes celiacos presentaron ECUC. Comparada con la ECC, las características diferenciales de la ECUC son menor expresión de HLADQ2, títulos más bajos de anticuerpos antitranglutaminasa y menor supresión de células NK a nivel bulbar.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad celiaca
Enfermedad celiaca ultracorta
Citometría de flujo

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