metricas
Enfermería Intensiva (English Edition) Pistoning in continuous renal extracorporeal replacement therapy catheters: Long...
Journal Information
Vol. 37. Issue 3.
(July - September 2026)
Cite
Cite
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Visits
355
Vol. 37. Issue 3.
(July - September 2026)
Original article

Pistoning in continuous renal extracorporeal replacement therapy catheters: Longitudinal descriptive study

Pistoning en catéteres de terapia continua de depuración extracorpórea renal: estudio descriptivo longitudinal
Visits
355
Josefa Valls-Matarín
Corresponding author
finavalls@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Belén Machuca-Ayuso, Roser Jané-Navarro, Francisco Javier González de Molina y Ortiz
Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Full Text
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Abstract
Introduction

Pistoning is defined as the back-and-forth movement of the catheter at the insertion site.

Objective

To determine the frequency of pistoning in continuous renal replacement therapy catheters (CRRTC) and its relationship with intravascular thrombosis and catheter dysfunction.

Method

A longitudinal descriptive study (March 2023–June 2024) was conducted in two intensive care units. Patients with CRRTC inserted in these units were included.Body mass index (BMI), insertion site, dwell time, and reason for removal were recorded. At each dressing change, pistoning, dysfunction, day of onset, suture fixation status (SFS), hematoma, and line traction were assessed. After catheter removal, ultrasound was performed to determine intravascular thrombosis. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis using chi-square or Fisher’s exact test and t-Student test were applied, with significance set at p ≤ 0,05.

Results

A total of 63 catheters were analysed. Pistoning occurred in 42.9% (n = 27;) and dysfunction in 31.8% (n = 20), at median 3 [P25 = 2–P75 = 9] and 3.5 [P25 = 1.5–P75 = 6.5] days respectively. Intravascular thrombosis was identified in 26.1% (n = 12). Incorrect SFS was observed in 59.3% of catheter with pistoning (CWP) compared with 11.1% of catheter without pistoning(CWoP) (p < 0.001). CWP remained in place for 11 days (8.5) and CWoP for 7.3 days (3.9) (p = 0.02). Patients with dysfunction had a BMI of 34.5 kg/m2 (SD = 10.3) compared with 29.8 kg/m2 (SD = 4.6) in those without dysfunction (p = 0.03). No significant differences were found between pistoning and thrombosis (p = 0.30) or between pistoning and dysfunction (p = 0.06).

Discussion

Pistoning was frequent and was mainly associated with defective SFS and longer dwell time. Obesity was identified as a factor associated with catheter dysfunction.

Conclusions

Nearly half of CRRT catheters present pistoning, associated with inadequate fixation and longer dwell time. Catheter dysfunction is more frequent in patients with obesity.

Keywords:
Renal replacement therapy
Vascular access
Renal insufficiency
Intensive care
Resumen
Introducción

El pistoning se define como el movimiento de vaivén del catéter hacia el interior y exterior del punto de inserción.

Objetivo

Determinar la frecuencia de aparición del pistoning de los catéteres de terapia continua de depuración extracorpórea renal (CTCDER) y su relación con trombosis intravascular y disfunción del catéter.

Método

Estudio descriptivo longitudinal (marzo 2023–junio 2024) realizado en dos unidades de cuidados intensivos. Se incluyeron pacientes con CTCDER insertados en dichas unidades. Se registró índice de masa corporal (IMC), lugar de inserción, permanencia y motivo de la retirada del catéter. En cada cambio de apósito se valoraron pistoning, disfunción, día de aparición, estado de la fijación con sutura (FCS)y presencia de hematoma. Tras la retirada del catéter se realizó ecografía para determinar trombosis intravascular.Estadística descriptiva y análisis bivariante mediante prueba chi² o exacta de Fisher y t-Student, con significación p ≤ 0,05.

Resultados

Se analizaron 63 catéteres. Presentaron pistoning el 42,9% (n = 27) y disfunción el 31,8% (n = 20), a los 3 [P25 = 2– P75 = 9] y 3,5 [P25 = 1,5– P75 = 6,5] días de mediana respectivamente. La trombosis intravascular se identificó en el 26,1% (n = 12). El 59,3% de los catéteres con pistoning(CCP) presentaron FCS incorrecta frente al 11,1% de catéteres sin pistoning(CSP) (p < 0,001). La permanencia fue mayor en CCP (11(8,5) días frente 7,3(3,9) de CSP, p = 0,02). Los pacientes con disfunción presentaron mayor IMC (34,5 ± 10,3 vs. 29,8 ± 4,6 kg/m²; p = 0,03). No se hallaron diferencias significativas entre pistoning y trombosis (p = 0,30) ni entre pistoning y disfunción (p = 0,06).

Discusión

El pistoning fue frecuente y se asoció principalmente con FCS defectuosa y mayor tiempo de permanencia. La obesidad se identificó como factor asociado a disfunción del CTCDER.

Conclusiones

Casi la mitad de los CTCDER presentan pistoning, relacionado con fijación inadecuada y mayor permanencia. La disfunción del catéter es más frecuente en pacientes con obesidad.

Palabras clave:
Terapia de reemplazo renal
Acceso vascular
Insuficiencia renal
Cuidados intensivos
Graphical abstract

Article

These are the options to access the full texts of the publication Enfermería Intensiva (English Edition)
Subscriber
Subscriber

If you already have your login data, please click here .

If you have forgotten your password you can you can recover it by clicking here and selecting the option “I have forgotten my password”
Purchase
Purchase article

Purchasing article the PDF version will be downloaded

Purchase now
Contact
Phone for subscriptions and reporting of errors
From Monday to Friday from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. (GMT + 1) except for the months of July and August which will be from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Calls from Spain
932 415 960
Calls from outside Spain
+34 932 415 960
E-mail
References
[1]
T.M. Tomasa Irriguible, J. Sabater Riera, E. Poch López de Briñas, J. Fort Ros, M.J. Lloret Cora, J. Roca Antònio, et al.
Current practice in continuous renal replacement therapy: an epidemiological multicenter study.
Med Intensiva., 41 (2017), pp. 216-226
[2]
J. Ibeas, R. Roca-Tey, J. Vallespín, T. Moreno, G. Moñux, A. Martí-Monrós, et al.
Spanish clinical guidelines on vascular access for haemodialysis.
Nefrologia., 37 (2017), pp. 1-191
[3]
L. Wang, L. Jia, A. Jiang.
Pathology of catheter-related complications: what we need to know and what should be discovered.
[4]
M.A. Sohail, T.J. Vachharajani, E. Anvari.
Central venous catheters for hemodialysis-the myth and the evidence.
Kidney Int Rep., 6 (2021), pp. 2958-2968
[5]
H. Ren, Y. Ge, X. He, C. Li, B. Xu, D. Gong, et al.
Vascular access in patients treated with continuous renal replacement therapy: a report from a single center in China.
Ther Apher Dial., 23 (2019), pp. 562-569
[6]
L.A. Gorski, L. Hadaway, M.E. Hagle, D. Broadhurst, S. Clare, T. Kleidon, et al.
Infusion therapy standards of practice, 8th edition.
J Infus Nurs, 44 (2021), pp. S1-S224
[7]
G. Ortiz.
Terapias intravasculares:3 cosas que debes saber sobre los sistemas de fijación sin suturas.
[8]
D. McParlan, L. Edgar, M. Gault, S. Gillespie, R. Menelly, M. Reid.
Intravascular catheter migration: a cross-sectional and health-economic comparison of adhesive and subcutaneous engineered stabilisation devices for intravascular device securement.
J Vasc Access., 21 (2020), pp. 33-38
[9]
T. Macmillan, M. Pennington, J.A. Summers, K. Goddard, D. Zala, N. Herz, et al.
SecurAcath for securing peripherally inserted central catheters: a NICE medical technology guidance.
Appl Health Econ Health Policy., 16 (2018), pp. 779-791
[10]
M. Pittiruti, G. Scoppettuolo, L. Dolcetti, D. Celentano, A. Emoli, B. Marche.
Clinical experience of a subcutaneously anchored sutureless system for securing central venous catheters.
Br J Nurs., 28 (2019), pp. S4-S14
[11]
H. El Khudari, M. Ozen, B. Kowalczyk, J. Bassuner, A. Almehmi.
Hemodialysis catheters: update on types, outcomes, designs and complications.
Semin Intervent Radiol., 39 (2022), pp. 90-102
[12]
L. Lim, J.Y. Park, H. Lee, S.Y. Oh, C. Kang, H.G. Ryu.
Risk factors of hemodialysis catheter dysfunction in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy: a retrospective study.
BMC Nephrol., 24 (2023), pp. 334
[13]
B. Sansom, S. Sriram, J. Presneill, R. Bellomo.
Circuit hemodynamics and circuit failure during continuous renal replacement therapy.
Crit Care Med., 47 (2019), pp. e872-e879
[14]
I. Gorsane, M. Chermiti, E. Mechri, Z. Elloumi.
Evolutive profile of hemodialysis vascular accesses Hemodialysis accesses.
Tunis Med., 99 (2021), pp. 575-581
[15]
M. Koenen, M.A. Hill, P. Cohen, J.R. Sowers.
Obesity, adipose tissue and vascular dysfunction.
Circ Res., 128 (2021), pp. 951-968
[16]
R. Bellomo, C. Ronco, R.L. Mehta, P. Asfar, J. Boisramé-Helms, M. Darmon, et al.
Acute kidney injury in the ICU: from injury to recovery: reports from the 5th Paris International Conference.
Ann Intensive Care, (2017),
[17]
M. Ostermann, R. Bellomo, E.A. Burdmann, K. Doi, Z.H. Endre, S.L. Goldstein, et al.
Conference Participants. Controversies in acute kidney injury: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Conference.
Kidney Int, 98 (2020), pp. 294-309
[18]
A. Asif, G.A. Beathard.
We need to train the trainers.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol., 10 (2015), pp. 1711-1713
[19]
R.F. McQuillan, E. Clark, A. Zahirieh, E.R. Cohen, J.J. Paparello, D.B. Wayne, et al.
Performance of temporary hemodialysis catheter insertion by nephrology fellows and attending nephrologists.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol., 10 (2015), pp. 1767-1772
[20]
K.S. Rabindranath, E. Kumar, R. Shail, E. Vaux.
Use of real-time ultrasound guidance for the placement of hemodialysis catheters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Am J Kidney Dis., 58 (2011), pp. 964-970
asdasdasd
Article options
Tools