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Original Article
Living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A story conditioned by the symptoms
Vivir con una enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica: una historia condicionada por los síntomas
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Claudia Liliana Valencia-Ricoa,
Corresponding author
cvalencia@ucm.edu.co

Corresponding author.
, Consuelo Burbano-Lópezb
a Programa de Enfermería, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
b Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
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Received 11 June 2018. Accepted 19 May 2019
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Abstract
Objective

To determine the meaning of the experience of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Method

A qualitative approach study rooted in hermeneutic phenomenology. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 people with critical and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Results

The findings obtained are described in three emerging topics and their consequent subtopics, which describe the process of the disease focusing on five subtopics related to awareness of the disease, the choking characteristic of the disease and tiredness as daily unpleasant symptoms, as well as choking as a death threat, rejection of oxygen dependency and coping systems to control the disease. In the second topic, family support with two subtopics are described: the loss of the patient’s role, the burden of care; and the third topic concerns the support of health system on two subtopics: medical care and nursing care.

Conclusion

The symptoms and functional changes in general, denote a different meaning not only in everyday life, but also in times of exacerbation of the condition. Likewise, changes in lifestyle due to the loss of roles and health care processes are revealed, as experiences that do not allow effective coping and adaptation.

Keywords:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Experiences
Signs and symptoms
Psychologic adaptation
Resumen
Objetivo

Conocer el significado de las experiencias vividas por personas con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica.

Método

Estudio con enfoque cualitativo de tipo fenomenológico hermenéutico. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a 10 personas que presentaban enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica grave y muy grave.

Resultados

Se describen los hallazgos encontrados en tres temas emergentes y sus consecuentes subtemas que relatan: el proceso de la enfermedad enfatizado en cinco subtemas relacionados con, el conocimiento de la enfermedad, el ahogo y cansancio como síntomas desagradables cotidianos, el ahogo como amenaza de muerte, la negación a la dependencia del oxígeno y los sistemas de afrontamiento para el control de la enfermedad; en el segundo tema se describe el apoyo familiar con dos subtemas, pérdida de roles y carga de cuidado; y en el tercer tema se describe el apoyo del sistema de salud con dos subtemas, atención médica y cuidado enfermero.

Conclusión

Los síntomas y los cambios funcionales en general, denotan un significado distinto tanto en momentos cotidianos como en momentos de exacerbación. Así mismo se develan cambios en el estilo de vida a causa de la perdida de roles y de los procesos de atención en salud, como experiencias que no permiten un afrontamiento y adaptación efectivos.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
Experiencias
Signos y síntomas
Adaptación psicológica

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