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Vol. 31. Issue 3.
Pages 148-155 (May - June 2021)
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Vol. 31. Issue 3.
Pages 148-155 (May - June 2021)
Original Article
Social network support and risk factors for obesity and overweight in adolescents
Apoyo en redes sociales y factores de riesgo de sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes
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5
Milton Carlos Guevara-Valtiera, Luis Arturo Pacheco-Pérezb,
Corresponding author
luispachecoperez@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Laura Alicia Velarde-Valenzuelaa, Karla Judith Ruiz-Gonzálezc, Velia Cárdenas-Villarreala, Juana Mercedes Gutiérrez-Valverdea
a Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
b Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico
c Supervisión de Enfermería, Hospital General Dr. Salvador Zubirán Anchondo, Chihuahua, Mexico
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Tables (5)
Table 1. Social network support perceived by adolescents.
Table 2. Eating and physical activity lifestyles in adolescents.
Table 3. Barriers against healthy eating in adolescents.
Table 4. Barriers against doing physical activity in adolescents.
Table 5. Correlation between body mass index, social network support, barriers and lifestyles in eating and physical activity in adolescents.
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Abstract
Aim

To determine the relationship between social support in social networks and risk factors of overweight and obesity including healthy lifestyles and perceived barriers in adolescents.

Method

Descriptive and cross-sectional study with adolescents from a public high school in Nuevo León, Mexico. Anthropometric measurements were determined to obtain body mass index, behavioural measurements for perceived barriers to healthy eating and physical activity, as well as healthy lifestyles.

Results

A total of 188 adolescents participated, male sex predominated at 55.9%, mean age was 16.1 years. From them, 52.1% were overweight, less than half of the adolescents reported having friends on social networks (37.8%); 52% of overweight participants need changes in their diet and the majority reported low physical activity (82.7%). There is a correlation between social support in social networks and perceived barriers to physical activity in overweight adolescents (r2 0.144; p<0.05).

Conclusions

Most of the adolescents do not have an adequate diet or perform recommended physical activity, one of the main causes is lack of motivation as a perceived barrier. Social networks represent a tool for nursing staff to promote health and develop interventions aimed at preventing disease in a global context in digital transition.

Keywords:
Social support
Social networking
Exercise
Adolescent behaviour
Overweight
Obesity
Resumen
Objetivo

Determinar la relación entre el apoyo social en redes sociales y factores de riesgo de sobrepeso u obesidad, tomando en cuenta estilos de vida saludable y barreras percibidas en adolescentes.

Método

Estudio descriptivo y correlacional de corte transversal con adolescentes de una preparatoria pública de Nuevo León, México. Se realizaron mediciones antropométricas para obtener el índice de masa corporal, conductuales para barreras percibidas en alimentación saludable y actividad física, además de estilos de vida saludables.

Resultados

Participaron 188 adolescentes, predominó el sexo masculino con 55,9%. La edad media fue de 16,1 años. El 52,1% tuvo sobrepeso, menos de la mitad de los adolescentes reportó contar con sus amigos en redes sociales (37,8%). El 52% de los participantes con exceso de peso necesita cambios en su alimentación y la mayoría reportó actividad física baja (82,7%). Se observa una correlación entre apoyo social en redes sociales y barreras percibidas de actividad física en adolescentes con exceso de peso (r2 0,144; p<0,05).

Conclusiones

La mayoría de los adolescentes no llevan una dieta adecuada ni realizan actividad física recomendada, una de las principales causas es la falta de motivación como barrera percibida. Las redes sociales constituyen una herramienta para que el personal de enfermería coadyuve en la promoción de la salud y lleve a cabo intervenciones dirigidas a prevenir la enfermedad en un contexto global en transición hacia lo digital.

Palabras clave:
Apoyo social
Red social
Ejercicio
Conducta del adolescente
Sobrepeso
Obesidad

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